Cell communication/ signaling Flashcards
local signaling
occurs in short distances. ex: glycolipids glycoproteins
Cell signaling
uses chemical messengers like proteins, steroids, or electrical impulses.
long-distance signaling
occurs over larger distances. ex: hormones
What happens with transport between cells
there are protein channels called cell junctions that connect adjacent cells to each other and allow materials to be shared.
Gap junction
what cell junctions are called in animal cells
plasmodesmata
what cell junctions are called in plant cells
Cell-to-cell regulation
Cell ID badges like (glycoproteins and glycolipids) are used to identify cells that belong and ones that aren’t recognized are attacked.
Local regulators
chemical signals that communicate with neighboring cell in the tissue
Paracrine
communicates with all cells surrounding. ex: growth factors are released to stimulate mitosis near a wound.
Synaptic
a signal is directed to only one neighboring cell. ex: neurotransmitters
long-distance signaling examples
a hormone signals go into vascular tissue can go anywhere or to another organism. The target cells contain receptors that recognize the hormone
what are the stages of signaling ( signal transduction pathway)
reception, transduction, response
reception
cell receives a signal; ligand
transduction
the signal causes communication inside the cell to relay the message to a specific organelle
response
cell responds to the signal by generating change
