Cell biology (INFORMATION)

Question 1

Information

Answer 1

All cells process DNA, the hereditary material of genes and RNA

These provide the information necessary to build various proteins (ie enzymes, channels and receptors)

Question 2

The central Dogma of molecular biology

Answer 2

Theory that genetic information flows in 1 direction (DNA - RNA - Proteins)

Question 3

Red blood cells

Answer 3

Because red blood cells lack of nuclei and organelles they do not contain DNA and cannot synthesize RNA

(they cannot divide and have limited repair capabilities)

Damaged ones are removed from circulation

This feature of red blood cells evolved to accommodate maximum hemoglobin carrying capacity

Question 4

Enucleation

Answer 4

Mechanism by which maturing red blood cells (erythrocytes) eject their nucleus

Question 5

Differentiation

Answer 5

The process during the development where most cells in multicellular organisms will become specialized

Question 6

Why is differentiation important

Answer 6

The information is important not only to make a cell but to be able to create different specific cell types

Question 7

How does differentiation work

Answer 7

Start with stem cell, once a cell is differentiated it can only make that 1 type of cell