Cell Biology - Cell Structure 16-17 Flashcards
what are the two types of cells
1) eukaryotic
2) prokaryotic
give two examples of eukaryotic cells
1) plant cells
2) animal cells
give an example of a prokaryotic cell
bacteria cells
what type of organism is a prokaryotic cell
a single celled organism
compare the size of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
eukaryotic cells are more complex and prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler
what are the different parts of the cell called
subcellular structures
what are the subcellular structures in an animal cell
5 things
1) nucleus
2) mitochondria
3) cytoplasm
4) cell membrane
5) ribosomes
what are the subcellular structures in a plant cell
8 things
1) nucleus
2) mitochondria
3) cytoplasm
4) cell membrane
5) ribosomes
6) cell wall
7) chloroplasts
8) permanent vacuole
what is the function of the nucleus
it contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell
what is the function of mitochondria
where most of the reactions for aerobic respiration happen
what is the function of cytoplasm
2 points
1) gel-like substance where most chemical reactions take place
2) it contains enzymes that control these chemical reactions
what is the function of the cell membrane
holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out
what is the function of ribosomes
where proteins are made in the cell
what is the function of the cell wall
it’s made of cellulose and supports the cell and strengthens it
what is the function of the permanent vacuole
it contains cell sap a weak solution of sugar an salts
what is the function of chloroplasts
2 points
1) where photosynthesis occurs which makes food for the plant
2) they contain a green substance called chlorophyll which absorbs the needed light
what do plant cells have that animal cells don’t
3 things
1) cell wall
2) permanent vacuole
3) chloroplasts
what subcellular structures do bacteria cells have
5 things
1) cell membrane
2) cytoplasm
3) cell wall
4) plasmid
5) circular strand of DNA
what is the function of plasmids
they’re a small ring of DNA
draw an animal cell
look at page 16 of of AQA biology book
draw a plant cell
look at page 17 of of AQA biology book
draw a bacteria cell
look at page 17 of of AQA biology book