cell biology Flashcards
what kind of cell is a eukaryote cell?
animal/ plant cell
what cell is a prokaryote cell?
bacteria cell
what is the equation for magnification?
magnification= image size/actual size
what are advantages if light microscopes? (4)
cheap
easy
living and dead specimens
colour
what are disadvantages if light microscopes? (2)
low magnification
low resolution
what are advantages if electron microscopes? (2)
high magnification
high resolution
what are disadvantages or electron microscopes?
very expensive
only dead specimens
in black and white
what does cytoplasm do?
liquid inside the cell that allows reactions
what does the cell membrane do?
controls what enters and leaves cells
what do ribosomes do?
produces proteins
what does golgi do?
what ribosomes sit on top of
what does the vacuole do?
cleans cell and contains cell sap
what does the cell wall do?
protects the cell
what is diffusion?
the movement of particles spread to an area of high concentration to low concentration
what does diffusion happen to?
liquids and gases
what are some factors effecting diffusion? (3)
size of particles
number of particles
temperature
what is osmosis?
the diffusion of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a partially-permeable membrane
what is a partially permeable membrane?
a membrane that will only let some types of water through
what happens if animal cells have too much water?
can cause them to burst (lysis)
what happens if animal cells have too little water?
can cause them to shrink
what is active transport?
allows cells to move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
if a cell respires and releases a lot of energy what can happen?
it can carry out lots of active transport
what are some characteristics of diffusion? (3)
oxygen diffuses into blood
like spraying perfume
no energy needed
what are some characteristics of active transport? (3)
energy needed
root hair cells use it to get minerals from soil
small intestine uses it to absorb glucose
