Cell Flashcards
Cell
The basic unit of structure and organisation within an organism
Tissue
A group of cells specialised for a particular function
Organ
A group of tissues working together to carry out a particular function
Tissue culture
The growth of cells in a particular sterile medium
Prokaryotic
Don’t have a membrane enclosed nucleus or membrane enclosed cell organelles
Eukaryotic
Have a membrane enclosed nucleus and membrane enclosed cell organelles
Diffusion
The movement of a substance from a region of high concentration density to low concentration density across a concentration gradient
Osmosis
The movement of water molecules across a semi permeable membrane from a region of high water concentration density to low concentration density
Active transport
The movement of a substance from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration against a concentration gradient. It requires ATP
Turgor
The pressure of the cell contents against the cell wall
Plasmolysis
The shrinkage of a plant cell due to the loss of water by osmosis
Selectively permeable
Only allows some materials to pass through cells membranes
Ultra structure
The detail of a structure as seen using an electron microscope
Interphase
The phase in the cell cycle when the cell is not diving
Chromatin
Name given to a chromosome when they are elongated and not dividing
Cell continuity
The ability of cells to divide and survive from one generation to the next
Somatic cells
All the normal body cells which are not gametes
Cancer
When normal body cells lose the control of the rate and number of mitotic divisions
Mitosis
Cell division where two cells are produced each with the same number of chromosomes
Meiosis
Cell division which produces 4 cells each having half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
Homologous chromosomes
Pairs of chromosomes that contain genes that control the same characteristics
