CC: Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities

Question 1

What is aquisition?

Answer 1

the process of developing and strengthening a conditioned response through repeated pairings of a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus

Question 2

What is a symptote?

Answer 2

the max. amount of conditioning that can take place in a particular situation

Question 3

What is extinction?

Answer 3

a conditioned response is weakened or elimitated when the CS is repeatedly presented in the absence of the US (learned inhibition of responding)

Question 4

What is spontaneous recovery?

Answer 4

the reappearance of a conditioned responce to a CS following a rest period after extinction

Question 5

What is disinhibition?

Answer 5

sudden recovery of a conditioned response during an extinction procedure when a novel (unfamiliar) stimulus is introduced

Question 6

What is stimulus generalisation?

Answer 6

the tendency for a CR to occur in the presence of a stimulus that is similar to the CS (more similar - stronger response)

Question 7

What is Sematic generalisation?

Answer 7

generalisation of a conditioned response to verbal stimuli that are similar in meaning to the CS

Question 8

What is stimulus discrimination?

Answer 8

the tendency for a response to be elicited more by one stimulus than another (less similar - greater likelyhood of discrimination)

Question 9

What is experimental neurosis?

Answer 9

an experimentally produced disorder in which animals exposed to unpredictable events develop neurotic-like symptoms

Question 10

What theory did experimental neurosis help initiate?

Answer 10

Eysenck’s (1957) Personality Theory

Question 11

What is high order conditioning?

Answer 11

a stimulus that is associated with a CS can also become a CS (third order will be quite weak)

Question 12

What is sensory preconditioning?

Answer 12

when one stimulus is conditioned as a CS, another stimulus with which it was previously paired can also become a CS

Question 13

When does sensory preconditioning work best?

Answer 13

if stimuli are paired relatively few times and presented simultaneously in preconditioning phase

Question 14

What is unconditioned stimulus revaluation?

Answer 14

postconditioning presentation of the US at a difficult level of intensity, thereby subsequently altering the strength of a responce to the previously conditioned CS (inflation or deflation)

Question 15

What is a compound stimulus?

Answer 15

consists of the simultaneous presentation of two or more individual stimuli

Question 16

What is overshadowing?

Answer 16

the more salient member of a compound stimulus is more readily conditioned as a CS and thereby interferes with conditioning of less salient member

Question 17

What is blocking?

Answer 17

the presence of an established CS interferes with conditioning of a new CS (like overshadowing, but NS and CS) - INTERFERENCE from established CS

Question 18

What is occasion setting?

Answer 18

procedure in which a stimulus (occasion setter) signals whether a CS will elicit a CR

Question 19

What is latent inhibition?

Answer 19

a familiar stimulus is more difficult to condition as a CS than is an unfamiliar (novel) stimulus (UNFAMILIAR - easier to condition as CS)

Question 20

What factors affect the strength of conditioning?

Answer 20

time, sensitisation, novelty of stimuli, habituation, intensity of stimuli, biological preparedness