CBA & CBM

Question 1

CBA Definition and Limitations

Answer 1

CBA is assessment based on the material a student has been taught w/in a curriculum

Limitations

1. not norm referenced
2. only provides info on one student’s current functioning
3. tells us nothing about the ‘norm’ of the class

Question 2

Practical Uses of CBAs

Answer 2

1. assess current skill levels w/in given curriculum
2. provide rationale for mainstreaming or more support serv.
3. provide clear link to interventions
4. help to plan instruction
5. can be performed by any trained individual
6. provide feedback on effectiveness of strategies

Question 3

4 Common Principles of CBA

Answer 3

1. student assessment in classroom instructional materials
2. short duration testing
3. frequent and repeated measures
4. data display to allow for monitoring of student progress

Question 4

Aspects of CBA

Answer 4

1. Accuracy
2. Fluency
3. Comprehension
4. Acquisition
5. Retention

Question 5

Similarities Between CBA and CBM

Answer 5

1. a student’s own materials are used
2. assessment is continual
3. info obtained can be applied in instructional decisions
4. most CBA procedures use short-duration testing and frequent and repeated measures

Question 6

CBM Differs from CBA b/c:

Answer 6

1. focuses on long-term goals
2. relies on standardized adming and scoring
3. demonstrates technical adequacy
4. CBMs function as dynamic indicators of basic skills
   
   • DIBS (Shinn, 1998)
   • Dynamic - measures sensitive to difference
   • Indicators - CBM correlates to behaviors related to overall reading, math comp, written expression, and spelling skills
   • Basic Skills - of above areas

Question 7

Defining Features of CBM

Shinn, 1989, 1998

Answer 7

• Tied to students’ curricula
• short duration testing
• time series analysis of data
• capable of multiple forms
• inexpensive
• sensitive to change over time
• reliable and valid
• direct measurement of skills using production type respon
• contribution to local norms to decision making
• CBM can be used in formative evaluation

Question 8

Advantages of CBM

Deno, 1985

Answer 8

1. improved comm. w/ professionals
2. increased sensitivity to change - typical ach tests don’t measure short-term growth
3. can be peer, individual, or criterion referenced
4. cost effective

Question 9

Progress Monitoring and CBM

Answer 9

CBM is recommended form of PM b/c it is standardized, has strong psychometric properties, and performance can be compared to local or state-level norms