CB1c Flashcards
what happens during sexual reproduction
the two specialized cells (gametes) fuse to create a cell that develops into an embryo.
how many chromosomes does a human cell nuclei and a gamete cell have
the human cell has 46 chromosomes whereas a gamete cell has 23 chromosomes cells with two sets of chromosomes are diploid whereas cells with only one set of chromosomes are haploid
what is a haploid cell example
a cell with only one set of chromosomes for example gametes
what is a diploid cell give an example
a diploid cell has 2 sets of chromosomes for example a human cell
what happens to the egg cell’s membrane after it fuses with the sperm
after fertilisation the cell membrane becomes hard to stop other sperm cells entering
what does the tip of the sperms head contain
the tip contains a small vacuole called the acrosome. it contains enzymes that break down the substances in the egg cells’ jelly coat. which allows the sperm cell to burrow inside
what does the mitochondria do in a sperm cell
the mitochondria are located on top of the tail, which releases a lot of energy to power the tail
what does the tail do on a sperm cell?
the tail waves from side to side allowing the sperm to swim
where does fertilisation occur
in the oviducts of the female
what do cells in the lining of the oviduct do
the cells transport the egg cells towards the uterus
what do the oviduct cells have to help with their job?
they have cilia (hair-like) which wave side to side to help carry the substance
what does the cells in the pancreas make
they make enzymes needed to digest certain foods in the small intestine. the enzymes are proteins and so these cells are adapted by having a lot of ribosomes
what does the small intestine have to help it digest food
it has muscles to squeeze food along. the muscle cells require a lot of energy and are adapted by having lots of mitochondria
where are the nutrients stored in a egg cell
in the cytoplasm
