CB Int Flashcards
Common bandwidth for Dial-up connection
56Kbps
Common bandwidth for T1 connection
1.544Mbps
Common bandwidth for DSL connection
512Kbps to 8Mbps
Unit of measurement used in measuring a computer’s disk storage capacity, or a computer’s file size
Megabyte
Widely used when referring to data transfer rates of computer networks, often as the number of Mb per second
Megabit
How fast you are able to transfer data from the internet to the device you are using. This can be either synchronous or asynchronous with upload speed.
Download speed
How fast you are able to transfer data from the device you are using to the internet. This can be either synchronous or asynchronous with download speed.
Upload speed
A unique number that associates a computer or other device while connected to an IP-based network.
IP address
This ip address is temporarily assigned to a device when it connects to the web and can change regularly and return to the ISP’s shared pool for its customer base.
Dynamic ip address
These addresses are permanently assigned to a customer’s leased modem, at a designated location.
Static ip address
Customers must purchase IP addresses in a block of
1, 5, or 13.
CBR model number(s)
CGA4131
CBR2 Model numbers(s)
CGA4332COM
BWG model number(s)
DPC3939B, DPC3941B
Address temporarily assigned to internet customers by an ISP
Dynamic
Address permanently assigned to a customer’s leased modem at a designated location
static
A 32-bit number that masks an IP address, dividing the IP address into network address and host address.
Subnet mask
Data rate of an T1
1.544 Mbps
Data rate of an T3
43.232 Mbps
Data rate of an OC-1
51.84 Mbps
Data rate of an OC-3
155.52 Mbps
Data rate of an OC-12
622.08 Mbps
Data rate of an OC-24
1.244 Gbps
Data rate of an OC-48
2.488 Gbps
Data rate of an OC-192
10 Gbps
Data rate of an OC-256
13.271 Gbps
Data rate of an OC-768
40 Gbps
Electronic message sent from one device to another
Protocol used on the internet for exchanging files
FTP
Type of IP visible to the public
Routable IP
Descriptive name for an address or group of addresses on the internet
Domain name
Location for passing data in and out of your computer
Port
Combines the functions of a cable modem and a router in a single device
IP gateway
Unique number for each computer on a given network
IP address
What is the abbreviation for the internet service that locates and translates domain names into IP addresses?
DNS
A temporary IP address
Dynamic IP
A System of computers, peripherals, terminals, and databases connected by physical or wireless communication lines
Network
A geographically-close set of computers connected on a single network that use the same communication device
Local Area Network (LAN)
The World Wide Web (WWW) is this
A WAN
A group of connected devices that are geographically-far apart
Wide Area Network (WAN)
This is the rate at which your internet service provider can provide data between your LAN and a WAN
Connection speed
This term refers to download connection speeds that are higher than upload connection speeds
Asymmetrical connection
This term refers to download connection speeds that are the same as upload connection speeds
Symmetrical connection
Desktop computer or workstation that obtains information and applications from a server
Client
Computer or Program that manages access to a centralized resource or network service in a network
Server
Hardware or software used to block external network access based on configurable rules.
Firewall
The Comcast IP Gateway serves as this kind of firewall
Hardware
These type of firewalls are installed on individual computers and service as another line of defense for devices within the LAN
Software
This establishes a secure connection to a private network from a public network (such as the internet)
Virtual Private Network (VPN)
Permits and blocks web traffic
Firewall
These two addresses are required for data to be routed to the proper destination
MAC address and IP address
A fixed, 12 digit hexadecimal number embedded into the manufacturer’s network controller hardware
Media Access Control Address (MAC Address)
Organization responsible for registered and assigned manufacturer identifiers
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
This organization is responsible for standardizing IP addresses, port numbers, and managing domain names worldwide.
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)
This assigns IP addresses to all devices on a network
DHCP Server
Combination of an IP address and a port number
Socket Address
Default port number for Hypertext transfer protocol
80
Connection-oriented protocol that is slower but more reliable for data transfer
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Connectionless protocol that is faster for data transfer, but will not retransmit lost packets.
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
This TCP port is used for Telnet
23
This TCP port is used for Simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP)
25
This TCP port is used for Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)
80
This TCP port is used for Hypertext transfer protocol secure (HTTPS)
443
This TCP port is used for Domain name system (DNS)
53
This TCP port is used for secure shell (SSH)
22
This TCP port is used for post office protocol version 3 (POP3)
110
This TCP port is used for Network time protocol (NTP)
123
This TCP port is used for Internet message access protocol (IMAP)
993
This TCP port is used for Simple network management protocol (SNMP)
161
This TCP port is used for Trivial file transfer protocol (TFTP)
69
This TCP port is used for Dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP)
67
This TCP port is used for File transfer protocol (FTP) data
20
This TCP port is used for File transfer protocol (FTP) control
21
ARP stands for
Address Resolution Protocol
The number of private IP addresses a router can forward a single port to.
1
Process in which several hosts or computers share a single, or set of public IP addresses to gain internet access.
Network address translation (NAT)
Translation of one private IP to one public IP.
Static NAT or 1-to-1 NAT
Translation of a private IP to the first available in an available pool of public IP addresses
Dynamic NAT
This allows multiple private IP addresses to share a common internet connection over a single public IP address by utilizing different ports
Port Address Translation (PAT) or NAT overload
The most common version of NAT used today.
Port Address Translation (PAT)
The most well known ports use this range
0 - 1023
These registered ports are primarily used for vendor applications
1024 - 49151
These ephemeral ports are for private use and various applications
49152 - 65535
The amount of quartets in an IPV6 address
8
The amount of Octets in an IPV4 address
4
The amount of bits of data in an octet
8
The amount of bits of data in a quartet
16
IPV4 addresses are written in this format
Decimal
IPV6 addresses are written in this format
Hexadecimal
This is the amount of bits contained in an IPV4 address
32 Bits
This is the amount of bits contained in an IPV6 address
128 Bits
There are this many bits in every hexadecimal character
4
The total amount of possible IPV4 addresses
4.2 billion
IPV6 allows for this many unique addresses
340 Undecillion
This data format is written in ones and zeroes
Binary
Two methods of shortening an IPV6 address
Trim leading zeros (suppression) and Hide consecutive all-zero blocks (compression)
Scope of class A Private IP addresses
10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
Scope of class B Private IP addresses
172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
Scope of class C Private IP addresses
192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
This enables a computer to assign an IP address to itself when a DHCP server is unavailable.
Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)
This range of IP Addresses allows a computer to loop data back to itself for testing purposes.
Loopback (localhost) IPV4 addresses
Loopback addresses always begin with this number in the first octet
127.x.x.x
Automatic Private IP Addresses always begin with these two numbers in the first two octets
169.254.x.x
A dedicated IP address that does not change.
Static IP
In order to receive a static IP from Comcast, this must be used
Comcast IP Gateway
This contains a network IP, gateway IP, routable IP/s, and Broadcast IP
Subnet Block
Subnet Block contains these types of IPs
Network, Routable, Gateway, and Broadcast
This is used to identify all IP addresses in a subnet block
Classless inter-domain routing (CIDR)
This is the CIDR for a subnet block of 13 routable IPs
/28
This is the CIDR for a subnet block of 5 routable IPs
/29
This is the CIDR for a subnet block of a single routable IP
/30
This is the subnet mask for a subnet block of 13 routable IPs
255.255.255.240
This is the subnet mask for a subnet block of 5 routable IPs
255.255.255.248
This is the subnet mask for a subnet block of a single routable IP
255.255.255.252
This IP indicates a subnet block’s starting point
Network Address
This IP indicates a subnet block’s ending point
Broadcast Address
The maximum distance allowed for a CAT 5/5e or CAT 6 Ethernet Cable
100 Meters/328 Feet
Software program that serves web pages to users (browsers)
Web Server
Stores all email accounts and provides email services to individuals
Email Server
This is Comcast’s prefered DNS server
75.75.75.75
This is Comcast’s alternate DNS server
75.75.76.76
A customer would require this many static IP addresses if they have multiple servers using different ports
One
This type of IP address requires a Comcast-issued IP gateway
Static
This is a conceptualization of how applications send and receive data over a network
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model
This layer of the OSI model includes pin layouts, voltages, cable specifications, hubs, and network interfaces.
Physical Layer
This layer of the OSI model communicates directly with the media that transmits bits
Physical Layer
This layer of the OSI model consists of a media access control layer (MAC) and logical link control layer (LLC)
Data Link
This layer of the OSI model ensures messages are delivered to proper LAN devices using MAC addresses
Data Link
This layer of the OSI model includes specifications for MAC addresses, Switches, ARP, and DHCP
Data Link
This layer of the OSI model manages logical device addressing, tracking device locations on network, and determining best path for moving data
Network
This layer of the OSI model includes internet protocol (IP), internet control message protocol (ICMP), and router information protocol (RIP)
Network
This layer of the OSI model segments and reassembles data from upper layers to be united on the same data stream.
Transport
This layer of the OSI model provides logical connection between sending and destination hosts, flow control, and error recovery
Transport
This layer of the OSI model includes user datagram protocol (UDP) and transmission control protocol (TCP)
Transport
This layer of the OSI model provides dialogue control between devices and coordinates communication between systems
Session
This layer of the OSI model ensures that an application’s data is separate from other user’s application data
Session
This layer of the OSI model includes specifications for NetBIOS and point to point tunneling protocol (PPTP)
Session
This layer of the OSI model is responsible for compression, encryption, and code formatting.
Presentation
This layer of the OSI model includes specifications for moving picture experts group (MPEG) and secure sockets layer (SSL)
Presentation
This layer of the OSI model includes specifications for hyper text transfer protocol (HTTP), file transfer protocol (FTP), simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP), and real-time transport protocol (RTP)
Application
This layer of the OSI model includes hardware specifications for voice over IP and Bluetooth devices
Application
This is layer one of the OSI model
Physical Layer
This is layer two of the OSI model
Data Link Layer
This is layer three of the OSI model
Network Layer
This is layer four of the OSI model
Transport Layer
This is layer five of the OSI model
Session Layer
This is layer six of the OSI model
Presentation Layer
This is layer seven of the OSI model
Application Layer
This establishes a secure connection to an organization’s private network using a public network such as the internet
Virtual Private Network (VPN)
This device provides a client PC the ability to tunnel into a LAN from the internet via an encrypted connection.
VPN Server or Endpoint
Comcast provides these tools to customers who wish to set up a VPN
Internet Connection, IP Gateway (or Modem), Static IP Address
These are two options for configuring a VPN endpoint
Assign a Static IP or Configure Port Forwarding
This is the demarc Comcast is responsible for when troubleshooting a customers VPN
IP Gateway / Modem
This is a network scheme in which portions of a network are connected to the internet, but information sent is encrypted
A VPN
A VPN encypted connection is also known as this
A Tunnel
Some VPNs may have this effect on a customers internet connection
Slow it down
Connections established to a VPN server are inherently this
latent
Three causes of VPN server connection latency
Distance and route, Simultaneously connected clients, Encryption protocols, Network Firewalls
A VPN connection speed is only as fast as this
The slowest link in the connection
This can only be disabled if the customer has a static block loaded on the device
WAN Firewall
This person should be present when installing new services at a customer’s business
The customer’s IT administrator
A business may want this feature enabled when they have their own router
Bridge mode
Static IPs will not route when this feature is enabled
Bridge mode
Disables the routing functions of the modem
Bridge mode
This feature can be enabled on a BWG/CBR to transparently bridge all customer ethernet traffic while enabling Xfinity Wifi
Advanced Bridge mode
This feature can be enabled on a BWG/CBR to transparently pass all ethernet traffic to the modem while disabling Xfinity Wifi
Basic Bridge mode
This prevents unauthorized access to or from a private network
Firewall
All messages entering or leaving the internet pass through this on the Comcast IP gateway
Firewall
This IP gateway feature allows an inbound connection request to be forwarded to a specific machine on the local network
Port Forwarding
This IP gateway feature is used to restrict outbound connections to a specific port and IP address
Port Blocking/Port Management
This IP gateway feature forwards all inbound traffic to a single specified local IP address
DMZ
Allows an IP address to bypass the firewall
DMZ
This IP gateway feature translates a useable WAN IP’s inbound and outbound traffic to a specified local IP address
NAT/1 to 1 Network Address Translation
This IP gateway feature is a way to automate port forwarding based on outbound traffic on predetermined ports
Port Triggering
When a customer does not have an on site IT person, and requires services not covered by comcast, we can refer them to this Company
HelloTech
This device provides firewall protection, user access management, and advanced security features
Comcast Business IP Gateway
The Comcast Business IP gateway provides these features
Firewall protection, user access management, advanced security features
There are this many Ethernet ports on the back of the Comcast Business Router
8
There are this many telephone ports on the back of the Comcast Business Router
8
Ports 1, 3, 5, and 7 of the CBR and CBR2 are this version of registered jack
RJ14
Ports 2, 4, 6, and 8 of the CBR and CBR2 are this version of registered jack
RJ11
The backup battery backs up these lines on a CBR
phone lines 1 and 2
This Comcast Business device has built in WiFi 6 capabilities
CBR2
When installing the CBR2 over Epon, customers are limited to this many X1 boxes.
8
This color light indicates a 2.5Gbps ethernet connection on port 5 or 6 of the CBR2
Blue
The power LED will be lit this color when the CBR2 is using the backup battery for power.
Amber
This Comcast Business device can connect over HFC or EPON
CBR2
This Comcast Business device has 6 LAN ports.
CBR2
These Comcast Business devices support both phone and internet capabilities
CBR/CBR2
This must be installed along with the CBR2’s internal backup battery for voice customers over EPON
a UPS for the EPON device
This utility can be used to troubleshoot network issues by sending a packet to a specified address and waiting for a reply
Ping
This utility can be used to troubleshoot network issues by sending a packet to a specified host and showing how many hops the packet requires to reach the host
Traceroute
This should be done before replacing a previously working device
Record all of the settings
This is a frequent cause of connectivity issues for Comcast Business internet customers
Customer network problems
These type of IP Addresses are in a subnet block
Network, Routable, Gateway, Broadcast
These two steps can be taken to identify a duplicated static IP issue
Ping the static gateway IP and then unplug the modem
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Static IPs and Bridge Mode can be enabled/disabled without needing to log into the GUI through this tool
Tech360
The option to load static IP can be found in this location in Tech360
The modem’s context menu
Comcast Policy prohibits technicians from working on customer equipement past this point
Demarcation Point
The BWG/CBR combine these two pieces of internet gear
Modem and Router
Electronic message sent from one device to another
Protocol used on the internet for exchanging files
FTP
Type of IP visible to the public
Routable IP
Descriptive name for an address or group of addresses on the internet
Domain name
Location for passing data in and out of your computer
Port
Combines the functions of a cable modem and a router in a single device
IP gateway
Unique number for each computer on a given network
IP address
What is the abbreviation for the internet service that locates and translates domain names into IP addresses?
DNS
A temporary IP address
Dynamic IP
This is an enabling force for developing and implementing agile, assured, and orchestrated Third Network services for the digital economy and hyper-connected world.
Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF)
Comcast Ethernet Network uses frame sizes in this range.
128 to 9000 (Jumbo Frame)
This layer of switch utilizes MAC addresses to quickly pass information from port to port
Layer 2
This layer of switch (CMTS/SUR), utilize IP addresses to pass information from port to port
Layer 3
EPL, EVPL, and ENS are ethernet solutions that operate on this OSI layer
Layer 2
EDI is an ethernet solution that operates on this OSI layer
Layer 3
This is the “size” of the network. It is defined either as a max or min amount of data that the network system can handle.
Bandwidth
This is the “success rate” of a network. It is defined as the amount of data that is successfully delivered in a given period of time.
Throughput
This is the “reliable bandwidth” of a network. It is defined as the amount of data that the network can transfer reliably over a given period of time.
Capacity
This is an intelligent routing protocol that makes routing decisions based on paths, network policies, and/or rule sets configured by the network administrator.
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
EPL
Ethernet Private Line
EVPL
Ethernet Virtual Private Line
ENS
Ethernet Network Service
EDI
Ethernet Dedicated Internet
This Comcast Business product offers point to point connectivity between two sites for bandwidth-intensive applications
Ethernet Private Line (EPL)
This Comcast Business product offers point to multipoint connections tailored by application
Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL)
This Comcast Business product offers multipoint to multipoint connectivity for businesses with high bandwidth requirements and multiple locations
Ethernet Network Service (ENS)
This Comcast Business product offers high-bandwidth connectivity between a LAN and the internet
Ethernet Dedicated Internet (EDI)
Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL) customers must have this standard of VLAN tagging enabled on their equipment
IEEE 802.1Q
99.99% availability means that our customers must not lose service for more than this amount of time per month
four minutes
99.9% availability means that our customers must not lose service for more than this amount of time per month
Fourty minutes
EDI circuits are typically divided into these two IP blocks
A point to point and customer allocation block
