Cattle dysphagia

Question 1

Calf vs cow tooth formula

Answer 1

Calf = 0030
3130

Cattle = 0033
3133

(so gain 3 molars on both arcades
Top of mouth has no teeth)

Question 2

Number of permanent incisors at different ages in cattle NB including incisiform canines

Answer 2

1.5 yo: 1
2 yo: 2
3 yo: 3
3.5 yo: 4

Question 3

Which cheek tooth is most often absent in cattle

Answer 3

Mandibular PM2

Question 4

Which molar has most issue with hooking

Answer 4

Maxillary M3 on posterior aspect

Question 5

What is causative agent on wooden tongue

Answer 5

Actinobacillosis lignieresil

Question 6

Raised, red granulomas on tongue with sulfur granules is indicative of

Answer 6

wooden tongue

Question 7

What might we add into treatment protocol for wooden tongue if refractory to treatment

Answer 7

Iodine; breaks down granulation tissue and decreases firbosis to allow inflammatory cells in

Question 8

What is the causative agent of lumpy jaw

Answer 8

Actinomyces bovis

Question 9

Stages of lumpy jaw

Answer 9

Initially see warm, painful bone swelling with oedema
Then less oedema and more obvious bone enlargement
This can distort teeth within mandible/maxilla and may cause draining tracts with granulomas

Question 10

What signs show iodism (too much iodine given)

Answer 10

Lacrimation
Dandruff

Question 11

Cause of bovine papular stomatitis

Answer 11

Bovine parapoxvirus

Question 12

Which disease can be prediposed to by eruption of teeth in cows

Answer 12

Lumpy jaw

Calf diphtheria

Question 13

Signs of bovine papular stomatitis and which individuals affected

Answer 13

Calves
raised papules on muzzle etc
–> Must differentiate from notifiable vesicular diseases

Question 14

Notifiable vesicular diseases

Answer 14

FMD, vesicular stomatitis, bluetongue, rinderpest

Question 15

Is bovine parapox virus zoonotic

Answer 15

Yes

Question 16

Cause of malignant catarrhal fever

Answer 16

Sheep gamma herpes virus OHV-2

Question 17

Outcome of cattle infection with OHV-2

Answer 17

Malignant catarrhal feer
Pyrexia, severe nasal and oral mucosal lesions, ocular lesions… death within 3 days of signs

Question 18

Cause of mucosal disease in cattle

Answer 18

Mutation of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in persistently infected animals to the cytopathic form

OR spread of cytopathic form within group of PI animals

Question 19

General antibiotic used with mouth infections in cattle

Answer 19

PenStrep = broad spectrum

Question 20

Causative agent of calf diphtheria

Answer 20

Fusobacterium necrophorum

Question 21

Which sinus do we mainly see paranasal sinusitis in in cattle

Answer 21

Frontal&raquo_space; maxillary

Question 22

What procedure can predispose to frontal sinusitis

Answer 22

De-horning

Question 23

What type of sinusitis is predisposed to by tooth root disease e.g lumpy jaw

Answer 23

Maxillary sinusitis

Question 24

What is the causative agent in necrotic laryngitis

Answer 24

Fusobacterium necrophorum
= gram -ve rod

Question 25

What are the clinical signs of necrotic laryngitis

Answer 25

Inspiratory dyspnoea
Panful cough
Necrotic breath

Question 26

Which antibiotic might we choose for necrotic laryngitis

Answer 26

Macrolides - good against anaerobes

Question 27

What could we do to help get animal with necrotic laryngitis to slaughter

Answer 27

Tracheostomy

Question 28

Which breeds of cattle are more prone to laryngeal chondritis

Answer 28

Continental breeds e.g Belgian blue
Cattle get it less than sheep

Question 29

What notifiable disease could dysphagia and salivation be common clinical signs of

Answer 29

Classical rabies

Question 30

What complication with pharyngeal trauma can lead to systemic effects

Answer 30

Damage to vagus nerve branch
–> Effects on rumen motility and eructation; can get bloat, issues with swallowing