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Cattle > Antibiotic use in farm animals > Flashcards

Antibiotic use in farm animals Flashcards

1
Q

BVA 7 point plan for antimicrobial stewardship

A
  • Avoid need for Abs in the first palce by disease control/health checks
  • Avoid inappropriate use
  • Choose the right drug
  • Monitor sensitivity
  • Minimise use
  • Record and justify use
  • Record suspected treatment failure
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2
Q

What antibiotics are highest priority critically important to human medicine

A

Fluoroquinolones
3rd/4th gen cephalosporin
Macrolides
Polymyxins
Glycopeptides

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3
Q

What antibiotics work for mycoplasma

A

Tetracyclines, macrolides

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4
Q

What diseases in cattle are mycoplasma implicated in and how does this affect Ab choice

A

Respiratory disease
Mastitis in heifers

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5
Q

Properties of penicillin

A

Time dependent killing so need minimum 3-5 days
Some staphs are resistant by making beta lactamases so need to add clavulanate if trying to treat this

Okay at getting most places; not great at getting into tissues

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6
Q

Properties of cephalosporins

A

Bacteriocidal
Low lipid solutibility so poor penetration
Good for skin infections

4th gen is broad spectrum; others are better with gram +ves

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7
Q

Which antibiotic is appropriate for most conditions

A

Oxytetracycline

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8
Q

Properties of tetracyclines

A

BacterioSTATIC
Broad spectrum + suitable for mycoplasma
Good distribution

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9
Q

Properties of macrolides

A

Bacteriostatic
Good for gram +ves, haemophilus, mycoplasma
Good lipid solubilitt so distributes well + ion traps into milk and other secretions
e.g tylosin, tilmicosin (micotil), tulathromycin (draxxin)

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10
Q

What antibiotic ion traps into milk so is good for mastitis

A

Macrolides

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11
Q

Properties of phenicol

A

Bacteriostatic
Good distribution to CNS and eye
Can only use florphenicol in farm animals (CHLORAMPHENICOL IS BANNED)

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12
Q

What antibiotic reaches CNS and eye well

A

Florphenicol

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13
Q

Properties of fluoroquinolones

A

Bacteriocidal
Concentration dependent killing so must dose correctly
Huge safety margin so can dose high

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14
Q

Which antibioitics are bacteriostatic vs cidal

A

Bacteriocidal: penicillin, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, potentiated sulphonamides

Bacteriostatic: tetracyclines, macrolides, phenicol

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15
Q

Properties of potentiated sulphonamides

A

Broad distribution + spectrum
Deactivated by pus
Bactericidal

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16
Q

What antibiotics might be a good for bone infections

A

Oxytetracyclines, florfenicol?

17
Q

What to use to treat urinary tract infections

A

TMPS good choice because it concentrates in the urine

NB: urine gnerally acidic esp if infected so good to get a drug that goes into acidic stuff

18
Q

What might you choose to treat skin infections

A

Penicillin, cephalosporins

19
Q

What antibiotics are good for meningitis

A

Penicillin; double dose + frequency
– But not good for staphs as they are resistant; can do with clavulanate but harder to cross BBB

Florphenicol

20
Q

What antibiotics are good to use for eyes

A

Tetracyclines

21
Q

What antibiotics might you choose for bovine respiratory disease

A

If you’re able to exclude mycoplasma from previous history can go for florphenicol as good lung penetration, penicillin, macrolides

If cannot exclude mycoplasma, probably choose oxytet

22
Q

What antibiotics might you use for UTI

A

TMPS, penicillin/amoxy

23
Q

What antibiotic might you use for eye infections

A

Oxytetracyclines given IM can concentrate in the eye
Tetracyclines are good for eye s

24
Q

What antibiotic choice is good for lumpy jaw/wooden tongue

A

Streptimycin

25
Q

What antibiotics are a good choice for joints and bones

A

Florphenicol
Oxytetracycline

26
Q

Treatment for scald

A

just blue spray; oxytet

27
Q

Treatment for foul in the foot/footrot

A

Penicillin etc

Cattle (20 decks)

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