CASE STUDY - SWH End

Question 1

William Phips was born in the _______ in 16__.

He becomes a _______ and gains favour with the _____.

He worked with ________ ______ to renew the ___________ ____ _______ & is made ________.

Answer 1

a) colonies
b) 1651

c) merchant
d) King

e) Increase Mather
f) Massachusetts Bay Colony
g) governor

Question 2

How does William Phips initially feel about the hunts?

How is this proven?

Answer 2

Supportive

He set up the Court of Oyer and Terminer

Question 3

Who is William Phips influenced by to bring the trials to an end?

Answer 3

Increase Mather

Question 4

How does Increase Mather influence William Phips?

Answer 4

He is influenced to bring the trials to an end.

Question 5

William Stoughton was appointed _________ ________ and _____ ________ of ________ _____ by Phips.

Remembered for being an __________ ______ who was determined to secure _________.

He had previously been involved in the __________ of ________ ______.

Answer 5

a) Lieutenant Governor and Chief Justice of Colonial Courts

b) unforgiving Puritan
c) convictions

d) administration
e) Edmund Andros

Question 6

Who DIDN’T influence William Stoughton?

Answer 6

Increase Mather

Question 7

What was William Stoughton convinced by?

Answer 7

Spectral evidence

Question 8

William Stoughton had sentenced _____ women to _____, including one woman who the _____ had found _______.

Answer 8

a) nine
b) hang
c) jury
d) not guilty

Question 9

William Stoughton went against Phips’ _____ to _______ the _______ and instead sentenced a _________ woman to ______.

Answer 9

a) orders
b) pardon
c) accused
d) pregnant
e) death

Question 10

Increase Mather was a _________ Puritan ______ and the ________ of ________ University.

Answer 10

a) well-respected
b) minister
c) President
d) Harvard

Question 11

What was the name of Increase Mather’s book? (1692)

Answer 11

‘Cases of Conscience Concerning Evil Spirits Persecuting Men’

Question 12

In his book, ‘Cases of Conscience Concerning Evil Spirits Persecuting Men’, what did Increase Mather argue?

Answer 12

Genuine cases of witchcraft were rare and much of the evidence used at trials was dubious.

Question 13

What did Phips believe about who was likely to be accused?

Answer 13

Anyone could be accused, regardless of their background.

Question 14

What did Phips supposedly do upon returning to Massachusetts and hearing about the people being locked up?

Answer 14

Stopped court proceedings.

Question 15

What did Phips issue in 1693 and what did it do?

Answer 15

The General Pardon - excused 8 people who had been sentenced to death by Stoughton.

Question 16

What was Stoughton pressured to do by Phips?

Answer 16

Avoid convictions and discount spectral evidence.

Question 17

In his letter to King William in 1693, what did Phips claim? (2)

Answer 17

The reason the hunts developed so drastically was due to Stoughton & he only set up the court under pressure from Boston’s leading religious figures.

Question 18

Increase Mather’s Impact - what changed as a result of his writings and sermons?

Answer 18

Godly Puritans began listening to his warnings & accusations slowed down.

Question 19

Increase Mather’s Impact - how did Mather impact Phips regarding religion?

Answer 19

He took it more seriously.

Question 20

Increase Mather’s Impact - what did Phips do and pardon as a result of Mather’s influence?

Answer 20

Closed down the Court of Oyer and Terminer and pardoned those who were still under investigation.

Question 21

The General Pardon’s Impact - what happened in London in 1695?

Answer 21

The government repealed a law in Massachusetts that enabled swift prosecutions for witchcraft.

Question 22

The General Pardon’s Impact - what happened in 1697?

Answer 22

One of the judges involved in the hunts officially apologised to Massachusetts officials, asking for forgiveness.