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AY13 Witchcraft History > CASE STUDY - SWH Context > Flashcards

CASE STUDY - SWH Context Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the SWH?

A

Feb 1692 - May 1693

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2
Q

Before 16__, witch hunting was ________ in __________.

A

a) 1692
b) uncommon
c) New England

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3
Q

How many people were accused?

How many people were killed?

A

200

20

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4
Q

What was Salem’s population at the time of the hunt?

A

1,400

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5
Q

What is interesting about the years following the hunts?

A

Accusers apologised for the death of victims and paid compensation to their families.

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6
Q

The Life as a Colony in Massachusetts

When did American colonialism took place?

A

1606-1640

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7
Q

The Life as a Colony in Massachusetts

When did the growth of Virgina take place?
Who migrated there?

A

1606-1617

Catholics leaving persecution in England

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8
Q

The Life as a Colony in Massachusetts

When did the growth of New England (inc Massachusetts) take place?
Who migrated there?

A

1620-1640

People who felt the reformation in England hadn’t been done well. Massachusetts was based on Puritan principles & people there were very religious & isolated.

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9
Q

The Life as a Colony in Massachusetts

Salem grew considerably from 16__ under Governor ____ ________ and had a very _____ economy based on ___ & _____, as well as _______.

A

a) 1630
b) John Winthrop
c) good
d) fur, wood & fishing

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10
Q

The Life as a Colony in Massachusetts

What was the relationship between Puritans and non-Puritans like?

A

Clear divide as Puritans believed they were superior & non-Puritans were non-existent to them.

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11
Q

The Life as a Colony in Massachusetts

What did Charles II try and fail to do?

A

Centralise control over colonies as they were becoming religiously driven & not contributing to England - Massachusetts was very resistant to this.

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12
Q

James II and Sir Edmund Andros

James II was the son of _______.
He was very _________ and _______.
He wasn’t _____ and he didn’t ________ with Parliament

A

a) Charles II
b) controlling & Catholic
c) liked, co-operate

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13
Q

James II and Sir Edmund Andros

What did James want to do that Charles didn’t?

A

Establish central control.

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14
Q

James II and Sir Edmund Andros

What did James do to try to establish control?

A

Set up Dominion of New England, bringing colonies under control of one central person appointed by James (Andros).

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15
Q

James II and Sir Edmund Andros

Andros was very ________ and hated by ______ as he had high _____ tendencies.
They believed he was a ________ and planning with the _____ to overthrow ________.

A

a) disliked
b) Puritans
c) church
d) Catholic
e) Pope
f) Puritans

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16
Q

James II and Sir Edmund Andros

What was the role of Andros?

A

Enforce James’ wishes for the colonies.

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17
Q

JAMES II & EDMUND ANDROS
Andros attempt to enforce James’ wishes for the colonies by:
Bringing new _____ focusing on ________ ______.
Ensured _____ services were delivered in _______ ______.
Puritan __________ lost ____ & had to ___ to get it back.
________ number of __________ where the _________ discussed ______ etc.
This _______ Puritans.

A

a) taxes, import/export duties
b) CofE, Puritan churches
c) landowners, land, pay
d) restricted, town meetings, community, events
e) angered

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18
Q

James II and Sir Edmund Andros

One of the ways Andros attempted to enforce James’ wishes for the colonies was to bring new taxes focusing on import/export duties.
How did Puritans feel about this?

A

This angered them as they had never had to pay tax before.

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19
Q

James II and Sir Edmund Andros

One of the ways Andros attempted to enforce James’ wishes for the colonies was to restrict the number of town meetings.
Why was this?

A

To prevent them from becoming a place of rebellion, but people would meet in secret regardless to plot to get rid of him.

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20
Q

James II and Sir Edmund Andros

What did The Glorious Revolution result in?
What happened when news of this reached Massachusetts?

A

James was overthrown and replaced by William of Orange & Queen Mary.

Seen as the opportunity to overthrow Andros - he was arrested for plotting with the Pope.

21
Q

James II and Sir Edmund Andros

After The Glorious Revolution, what was William concerned about?
What did he do?

A

Religious rule in colonies.

He enforced a number of rules.

22
Q

James II and Sir Edmund Andros
William of Orange enforced a number of rules due to his concern about religious rules in colonies:
In 16__, he _________ Massachusetts & gave it a new _______, enforcing English ____ & religious _________.
He ensured all ______ were appointed by the ______ & the _______ could block _____ passed by the _______.
This was _____ to ________ - they wanted England to _____ for their ________ & saw the _____ as work of the ______.

A

a) 1691
b) reestablished
c) charter
d) law
e) toleration
f) officials
g) Crown
h) Governor
i) laws
j) Governor
k) laws
l) council
m) bad
n) Puritans
o) pay
p) defences
q) rules
r) Devil

23
Q

Economic Legislation

The aim of the 4 Navigation Acts was to ____ more ______ over the _______.
It meant ______ coming into _______ must ______ by _______ ships to limit ______ influence in the ________. The _____ later had to also pass through ________ first.

A

a) gain more control over the colonies

b) goods
c) colonies
d) arrive
e) English
f) Dutch
g) economy
h) goods
i) England

24
Q

Economic Legislation - the 4 Navigation Acts angered people in Massachusetts because:
_______ failed to follow ____ & were __________.
________ couldn’t ship ____ to _______ & _________ couldn’t use ____ ships so they ____ higher _____.
Less ______ & ______ going into Massachusetts meant Salem’s ______ got less ______, exacerbated by the bad _____ as they were already ____ on ________.

A

a) traders, rules, reprimanded
b) farmers, grain, England, fishermen, Dutch, paid, fees
c) money, resources, harbour, material, winter, low, materials

25
Q

Economic Legislation

How did Puritans view the consequences of the Navigation Acts and how did it make them feel?

A

Punishment from God due to someone in their community sinning. They felt angry because they didn’t like being controlled.

26
Q

First Indian War

When was the First Indian War?

A

1675-78

27
Q

First Indian War

What was the relationship like between colonists and Native Americans?

A

Tense

28
Q

First Indian War

What happened to defences after Andros was overthrown?

A

They were weaker

29
Q

First Indian War

How many military aged men were killed in Massachusetts?

A

1 in 10

30
Q

First Indian War

Every ________ in Salem lost either a ______ or ________.

A

a) resident
b) friend
c) relative

31
Q

First Indian War

What happened to community’s working population?
What did this result in & how did Puritans feel about this?

A

A significant part was removed.

Less men & more women - Puritans didn’t like women as they were manipulated by Devil.

32
Q

Second Indian War

What was it thought removing witches would do?

A

The threat of Indian attacks would be removed.

33
Q

Second Indian War

What began during this time?

A

The trials

34
Q

Second Indian War

When was the Second Indian War?

A

1688-97

35
Q

Second Indian War

What was also happening in this time?

A

A wider war with the French

36
Q

Puritan Perception of Indians

They believed the Indians are ____________, ________ and in need of ___________.

A

a) Devil-worshippers
b) subhuman
c) extermination

37
Q

Puritan Perception of Indians

Who was it thought the Indians were allies of?

A

The French and Spanish

38
Q

Puritan Perception of Indians

What did the constant fear and threat of being attacked foster?

A

A deep-seated paranoia

39
Q

Salem Town

It was the _____ established and was more __________ with a _______ and _______ areas.

People relied on ________ and because there was lots of _____, there was _________.

A

a) first
b) developed
c) harbour
d) trading

e) farming
f) water
g) flooding

40
Q

Salem Town

When did people start moving to Salem village as a result of flooding?

A

1640

41
Q

Salem Town

It was a place of _______, less _______ and more _______-class (_______).

A

a) contact
b) religion
c) merchant/middle

42
Q

Salem Village

Very strict _______ lived here, it was more ________ and very driven by _________.

A

a) Puritans
b) isolated
c) religion

43
Q

Salem Village

What did they rely on?

A

Farming

44
Q

Salem Village

There was tension between families in the village/town.
What is an example of this?

A

Putnam family - village
Portner familly - town

As the trials began, the Putnam family significantly drove accusations.

The Portner family tried to stop hunts from occuring and found themselves accused of witchcraft by the Putnams.

Evidently, social tensions drove witch hunts.

45
Q

Theocracy

What is theocracy?

A

A religious system of government where God is held as a supreme ruler and the clergy are involved in the day-to-day running of the state.

46
Q

Theocracy

What did Puritans believe about their relationship with God?
What happened as a result?

A

They were God’s ‘chosen people’ so they ignored the scientific revolution in England and interpreted crop failures etc as the work of the Devil.

47
Q

Theocracy

What did Puritans think about anyone with different views?

A

It was thought they were with the Devil.

48
Q

Theocracy

What did Puritans use to explain everything?

A

Religion

49
Q

Theocracy

A ___ was accused of not reading the ______ often enough and was in turn accused of ________, suggesting ________ was a driving _____ of the hunts.

A

a) man
b) Bible
c) witchcraft
d) religion
e) force

AY13 Witchcraft History (22 decks)

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