CASE STUDY - EAWC Context Flashcards
When was the EAWC?
1645-1647
How many people were accused?
How many were women?
700, 80%
Where did the EAWC take place?
7 counties across East Anglia
What was the Eastern Association?
A group of armies put together by eastern counties on the Protestant Parliament side.
Puritanism is a type of __________.
Protestanism
CONTEXT - LEAD UP TO ECW
Charles & Parliament - Charles believed in the Divine Right of Kings.
What did this mean for his relationship with Parliament?
Created tensions as Parliament believed they had to work collectively.
CONTEXT - LEAD UP TO ECW
Religious reforms - Charles began making religious reforms as a result of his belief in his central authority.
What did this mean?
Churches had to replace alters & members had to kneel to receive the sacrament, which seemed like a return to Catholicism.
CONTEXT - LEAD UP TO ECW
Religious reforms - Charles began making religious reforms as a result of his belief in his central authority.
What did opponents believe about this?
It was wrong - Charles had to uphold the established religion.
CONTEXT - LEAD UP TO ECW
Economic changes - The religious reforms resulted in ‘The ______ ____’ in ________, _________ the already ____ economy.
a) ‘The Bishops’ War’
b) Scotland
c) worsening
d) bad
CONTEXT - LEAD UP TO ECW
Economic changes - As a result of the bad economy, what did Charles do instead of asking Parliament to raise taxes?
Introduced ‘ship money’ in 1634.
CONTEXT - LEAD UP TO ECW
Economic changes - What did many of Charles’ opponents state about the ship money tax?
What then became increasingly popular as a result?
It was illegal as it wasn’t approved by parliament.
Tax avoidance
CONTEXT - LEAD UP TO ECW
Economic changes - Why didn’t Charles ask Parliament to raise taxes when he had run out of money as a result of The Bishops’ War?
They had a very hostile relationship
CONTEXT - LEAD UP TO ECW
Economic changes - What was the ‘Grand Remonstrance’?
How did Charles react?
A list of complaints about Charles’ rule from the Long Parliament, to which Charles rejected, worsening their relationship.
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Women - How did women participate in the war effort?
Protected communities from attack & nursed wounded soldiers.
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Women - How was the slightest deviation from their traditional role as wives/mothers seen?
Condemned by the patriarchal society.
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Women - How did dissent from their traditional role take place in the form of?
3
Greater sexual expression, fighting soldiers and practising witchcraft.
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Women - What did the disruption of the Civil War mean?
There was no longer an official process where women would be punished for deviating from roles, encouraging them to explore new possibilities.
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Women - What were women increasingly involved in? (2)
What did this represent?
Politics eg protests on food prices etc.
Peace movements - eg called for male relatives to not participate in war.
A challenge to society.
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Women - What did women’s greater involvement in politics/peace movements result in?
Grave punishment, like imprisonment or hanging.
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Women - They participated in _____ ____ ____ as it _________ them to speak up and _______ new exciting ______.
a) Civil War sects
b) encouraged
c) promote
d) ideas
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Women - What are Civil War sects?
Religious non-conformist groups
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Women - Many men felt extremely uncomfortable with women expressing views and having public roles.
Why?
It deviated from scripture, challenged female modesty & their own position as ‘leaders’.
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Women - What did women openly admit to doing?
Why?
Practising witchcraft and making pacts with the Devil.
Perhaps they believed they had powers or they were mentally ill.
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Women - What happened to a number of women confessing to practicing witchcraft?
Provided increased status & power in their village, giving them greater authority over men who feared them.
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Women - What did some confessions to witchcraft contain references to?
Being a bad wife or suicide; thoughts of depression and suicide were viewed as the effects of external forces such as the Devil.
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Overview - Most Royalists were _________ or ______ while most of Parliamentarians were _______.
a) Protestants
b) Catholic
c) Puritan
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Overview - What did The New Model Army consist of?
Soldiers from the east (in The Eastern Association).
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Overview - How many Parliamentarians died?
How many Royalists died?
How many people died of war-related disease?
34,000
50,000
100,000+
CONTEXT - PURITANISM
Beliefs - 4 core Puritan beliefs:
______ shouldn’t have ________ not in _____.
_________ should enforce ______ & punish ___________.
__________ was up to ____ & he’d __________ chosen a few __________ people to be ______.
Everyone must ____ by the _____ & have ____________ with it.
a) church, ceremonies, Bible
b) government, morals, bad behaviour
c) salvation, God, selectively, unknowing, saved
d) live, Bible, deep familiarity
CONTEXT - PURITANISM
Beliefs - Puritans ________ religious _______ and ________ in ______ outside the ____.
a) respected
b) freedoms
c) difference
d) beliefs
e) CofE
CONTEXT - PURITANISM
Beliefs - People should ______ and spread the _____ of ____ to ___ the world of _______/_____.
a) follow
b) word
c) God
d) rid
e) witches/Satan
CONTEXT - PURITANISM
Puritans in England - Where was there significant Puritan influence?
When?
Across East Anglia
The reign of King James I
CONTEXT - PURITANISM
Puritans in England - What happened to the Puritan influence in government when Catholic leaning Charles took the throne?
It contributed to the Civil War.
CONTEXT - PURITANISM
Gender Roles - Women were _______ and tended to ________ gardens, responsible for ______ for _______ and _______, _______ the next generation of _______.
a) farmhands
b) vegetable
c) caring
d) husbands
e) children
f) raising
g) Puritans
CONTEXT - PURITANISM
Gender Roles - What happened to some Puritan women as a result of the sale of their goods?
They became breadwinners.
CONTEXT - PURITANISM
Gender Roles - What COULDN’T Puritan women do? (4)
Vote
Participate in the court of law
Buy or sell land
Sue for divorce
CONTEXT - PURITANISM
Gender Roles - Puritans believed women were culturally inferior to men.
What did this mean for women?
They had to follow husbands & couldn’t independently interact with local govt.
CONTEXT - PURITANISM
Gender Roles - What happened in 1636 that illustrates the sexism within the religion?
Puritan women couldn’t speak in Church and had to be silent throughout the entirety of the service.
What are the 3 main areas of context to consider?
The Puritan religion, the lead up to the English Civil War, the English Civil War
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
How the traditional power of authorities changed as a result of the Civil War:
____ was _______ & had their ________ _________.
_________ left to ____ & had their ________ _________ due to their ________.
a) CofE, weaker, authority, undermined
b) local gentry, fight, authority, undermined, absence
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
How did soldiers and armies affect the local economic landscape?
Give an example.
They took resources they needed.
Horses were confiscated and food was stolen from fields.
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Why were laws difficult to implement?
There was no kingly authority.
CONTEXT - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
Laws were difficult to implement as a result of the lack of kingly authority.
How did this lead to an increase in tension?
Nothing could stop hunts from spreading and people didn’t know who to blame for their problems.
CONTEXT - PURITANISM
How did Puritans interpret the poor economic situation?
Punishment from God - it was a sign that Charles shouldn’t return to the throne.
