Case study - Indian Ocean 2004 Flashcards

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1
Q

On what date did the tsunami take place?

A

26th December 2004

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1
Q

What magnitude did the resultant earthquake register?

A

9.1 (3rd largest since 1900)

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2
Q

How long was the stretch of faultline that was estimated to have experienced a slip?

A

1600km

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3
Q

What volume of sea water was estimated to have been displaced?

A

30 Cubic kilometers

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4
Q

How many Sri Lankan’s died despite the tsunami taking 2 hours to reach their shores?

A

31,000
Due to lack of warning system in Indian Ocean

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4
Q

When did a warning system begin to operate within the Indian Ocean?

A

2006

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5
Q

How did population density + proportion below the poverty line impact vulnerability?

A

High densities + destitute populations made hazard impacts more difficult to manage
E.g., Sri Lankan coast, 900 per sq/km, many of which lived at
subsistence levels

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6
Q

Which affected nation was supposedly the most vulnerable + why?

A

The Maldives
Very little land more than a couple of meters above sea level

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7
Q

What was the death toll of the Maldives + why?

A

Roughly 100
Coral reefs (protected by government) acted as natural defense

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8
Q

Give the impacts to human life presented by the event

A

5 million affected
Roughly 300,000 deaths
1.7 million homeless
Highest death toll of any tectonic event in history

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9
Q

What did Oxfam estimate account for as many as 1/3 of the deaths?

A

Children
Many unable to swim

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10
Q

How + why did male and female death rates differ in many coastal towns?

A

Almost 4 times more women died
Many waited for returning fishermen
Many stayed to protect children

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11
Q

How many required emergency aid after the event?

A

5-6 million

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12
Q

What % of villagers were killed in many coastal settlements?

A

70%

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13
Q

What were the impacts upon Thailand’s tourism industry?

A

Monthly losses of USD$25 million
120,000 jobs lost

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14
Q

What was the overall economic cost?

A

USD$10 billion

15
Q

How many countries did the tsunami span?

A

14

16
Q

Describe the restoration of Sri Lanka’s fishing industry

A

80% of industry, equipment etc. restored within 6 months

17
Q

How long did it take for tourists to return to Sri Lanka and the Maldives?

A

6 months