Case Studies of Disease: HIV + Tuberculosis

Question 1

primary infection

Answer 1

the initial stage of tuberculosis, when M. tuberculosis has been inhaled into the lungs, invaded the cells of the lungs and multiplied slowly, often causing no obvious symptoms of disease

Question 2

tubercule

Answer 2

a localised mass of tissue containing dead bacteria and macrophages formed as a result of a healthy immune response to an infection by M. tuberculosis

Question 3

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Answer 3

the disease which results from the destruction of the T helper cells as a result of infection with HIV

Question 4

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 4

a retrovirus that causes AIDS

Question 5

HIV positive

Answer 5

someone who has antibodies to HIV in their blood, indicating that they have been infected with the virus and so are at risk of passing it on to other people

Question 6

anti-retroviral drugs

Answer 6

drugs which are effective against retroviruses such as HIV