Bacteria and Viruses

Question 1

pathogens

Answer 1

microorganisms that cause diseases

Question 2

tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)

Answer 2

a virus that infects the leaves of tobacco plants and other closely related species, and causes a mosaic patterning which can reduce the yield

Question 3

capsid

Answer 3

the protein coat of a virus

Question 4

capsomeres

Answer 4

the repeating protein units that make up the capsid of a virus

Question 5

virus attachment particles (VAPs)

Answer 5

specific proteins (antigens) that target proteins in the host cell surface membrane

Question 6

envelope

Answer 6

a coat around the outside of a virus derived from lipids in the host cell

Question 7

DNA viruses

Answer 7

viruses that have DNA as the genetic material

Question 8

RNA viruses

Answer 8

viruses that have RNA as the genetic material

Question 9

retrovirus

Answer 9

a special type of RNA virus that controls the production of DNA corresponding to the viral RNA, and inserts it into the host cell’s DNA

Question 10

reverse transcriptase

Answer 10

an enzyme synthesized in the life cycle of a retrovirus which makes DNA molecules corresponding to the viral RNA genome

Question 11

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 11

a retrovirus that causes AIDs