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MBBS 1: Musculoskeletal Anatomy > Cartilage and Bone > Flashcards

Cartilage and Bone Flashcards

1
Q

What is cartilage?

A

avascular connective tissue that is flexible

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2
Q

What does it consist of ?

A

slide 26

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3
Q

What are the 3 kinds of cartilage?

A

slide 27

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4
Q

What is hyaline cartilage distinguished as?

A

slide 28

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5
Q

What are the spaces in cartilage spaces called?

A

slide 28

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6
Q

What do these spaces contain?

A

slide 28

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7
Q

Describe 3 featurs of Hyaline Cartilage

A

slide 29

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8
Q

What s hyaline cartilage produced by?

A

slide 30

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9
Q

What does Type II collagen fibril do?

A

slide 30

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10
Q

What does Type IV collagen fibril do ?

A

slide 30

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11
Q

What does Type X collagen fibril do?

A

slide 30

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12
Q

Give 3 examples of proteoglycans

A

slide 31

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13
Q

What is the function of Hyaline Cartilage?

A

slide 34

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14
Q

What is clinical oestoarthritis and describe the etiology?

A

slide 38

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15
Q

Mutations in which gene cause campomelic dysplasia?

A

slide 38

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of elastic cartilage?

A

slide 39

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17
Q

What are the components of fibriocartilage?

A

slide 40

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18
Q

Describe the 2 kinds of growth cartilage can undergo

A

slide 41

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19
Q

Why does cartilage have limited ability to repair?

A

slide 42

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20
Q

What are fuctions of the skeletal system?

A

slide 43

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21
Q

Describe 3 bone shapes

A

slide 47

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22
Q

What are 2 types of bone ?

A

slide 48

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23
Q

What is the diaphysis?

A

slide 49

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24
Q

What is the epiphysis?

A

slide 49

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25
Q

What is the epiphyseal plate?

A

slide 49

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26
Q

What is an epiphyseal line?

A

slide 49

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27
Q

What is the medullary capillary?

A

slide 49

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28
Q

What is the periosteum and what does it contain?

A

slide 50

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29
Q

What are sharpey’s fibers ?

A

slide 50

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30
Q

What is endosteum?

A

slide 50

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31
Q

What are the characteristics of flat bone?

A

slide 51

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32
Q

Characteristics of short irregular bone?

A

slide 51

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33
Q

What is the purpose of osteoblasts?

A

slide 56

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34
Q

What are osteocytes?

A

slide 57

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35
Q

What are lucanae?

A

slide 57

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36
Q

What is canalaculi?

A

slide 57

37
Q

What are osteoclasts?

A

slide 58

38
Q

What is the ruffled border?

A

slide 58

39
Q

What is woven bone?

A

slide 60

40
Q

What is lamellar bone?

A

slide 60

41
Q

What is cancellous bone?

A

slide 60

42
Q

What is compact bone?

A

slide 60

43
Q

What are the components of extracellular matrix?

A

slide 61

44
Q

Where is woven bone formed?

A

slide 62

45
Q

What is lamellae?

A

slide 62

46
Q

What are Harvesian systems?

A

slide 63

47
Q

What is the direction of peforating bone?

A

slide 64

48
Q

Where is circumfrential lamellae found ?

A

slide 66

49
Q

Where is interstitial lamellae found?

A

slide 66

50
Q

Where osteons found?

A

slide 68

51
Q

Where are osteocytes found?

A

slide 68

52
Q

What are pereoforating cannals?

A

slide 72

53
Q

What is trabeculae?

A

slide 73/75

54
Q

Does spongy bone contain osteons?

A

slide 74

55
Q

What is the name of bone formation?

A

slide 76

56
Q

What are the 2 kinds of ossification?

A

slide 77

57
Q

Where does dermal ossification occur?

A

slide 78

58
Q

What are the 4 zones of epiphyseal plates?

A

slide 91

59
Q

How can bone grow in thickness and diameter?

A

slide 100

60
Q

What are the steps in the process?

A

slide 100

61
Q

What are the 4 factors that affect bone growth?

A

slide 103

62
Q

What does calcium do?

A

slide 104

63
Q

What is the term for low calcium levels?

A

slide 104

64
Q

What is the term for high calcium levels?

A

slide 104

65
Q

What is the function of phosphorus?

A

slide 104

66
Q

What is the function of magnesium?

A

slide 104

67
Q

What is the function of boron?

A

slide 104

68
Q

What is the function of magnese?

A

slide 104

69
Q

What is the function of Vitamin A?

A

slide 105

70
Q

What is the function of Vitamin B12?

A

slide 105

71
Q

What is the function of Vitamin C?

A

slide 105

72
Q

What is the function of Vitamin D?

A

slide 107

73
Q

What does the human growth hormone do?

A

slide 107

74
Q

What does the insulin-like growth factor do ?

A

slide 107

75
Q

What does insulin do?

A

slide 107

76
Q

What do thyroid hormones do ?

A

slide 107

77
Q

What are the functions of eostrogen and testostorone?

A

slide 107

78
Q

What is sublaxation?

A

slide 109

79
Q

What is luxation?

A

slide 109

80
Q

What are the steps in fracture repair?

A

slide 111-115

81
Q

What is osteopenia?

A

slide 116

82
Q

What is osteoperosis?

A

slide 116

83
Q

What are the risk factors of bone disorders?

A

slide 116

84
Q

What is osteomalacia?

A

slide 118

85
Q

What is Paget’s disease?

A

slide 119

86
Q

What is osteomyelitis?

A

slide 119

87
Q

What is osteogenic sarcoma?

A

slide 119

88
Q

What is Rheumatoid arthritis?

A

slide 121

89
Q

What is Gouty arthritis?

A

slide 121

MBBS 1: Musculoskeletal Anatomy (15 decks)

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