Cartilage Flashcards
which layer of articular cartilage?
transitional layer
repair of damaged cartilage is due primarily to activity of ______
perichondrium
interstitial vs appositional growth
interstitial: legth
appositional: width
cartilage fxns
bear mechanical stress shock absorber frictionless joint movement bone growth fracture repair
outer fibrous layer
contains fibroblasts which produce type I collagen and elastin
fibrocartilage organization
chondrocytes in parallel rows, collagen fibers in bundles (type I and II)
ground substance has dermatan and chondroitin sulfate
which type of collagen predominates matrix
type II (type I in fibrocartilage, elastic fibers in elastic cartilage)
perichondrium
dense CT, carries blood supply, source of new cartilage cells
proximity of BV often stimulates _______ instead of cartilage repair
bone growth (osteoblasts)
fibrocartilage and where found
NO perichondrium type I C found in IV disks, articular disks of knee, mandible, sternoclavicular joints, pubic symphysis
label the layers
top to bottom: tangential layer, transitional layer, radial layer, calcified cartilage, bone
hyaline
chondroblasts vs chondrocytes fxns
blast: replicating population that SECRETE matrix cyte: MAINTAIN matrix
amphiarthroses joints permit _____ and are found ______
slight movement
intervertebral disks and bodies
which layer of articular cartilage
radial layer (the stacks of cells are oriented perpendicular to the articulating surface)
type A macrophage-like synovial cells
phagocytic
contain lysosomes to clear articular cavity of debris
what type
fibrocartilage (tendon)
which layer of articular cartilage?
calcified cartilage
except for ___________, hyaline cartilage is surrounded and nourished by perichondrium
articular surfaces
type B fibroblast-like synovial cells
produce synovial fluid
hyaluronic acid to increase viscosity
lubricin
lubricates cartilage to reduce friction
articular cartilage
type of hyaline cartilage that does not have perichondrium
reduces friction between bones
no nerves or BV
hyaline
cartilage characteristics
composed of cells and ECM cells are chondroblasts or chondrocytes avascular no nerve supply no lymphatics
hyaline and where found
has perichondrium type II C found in embryo, articular cartilage of resp tract, costal cartilage
inner chondrogenic layer
gives rise to chondroblasts and osteoprogenitor cells
blasts secrete type II collagen
elastic and where found
has perichondrium type II C and EF found in external ear, epiglottis, auditory tube
synovial membrane
surrounds entire joint cavity except articular cartilage
regenerates if damaged
what type/label arrows
hyaline
starting upper left and going clockwise: outer fibrous layer, inner chondrogenic layer, territorial matrix, interterritorial matrix, chondrocytes
cartilage is usually replaced by______
dense CT or bone (if vascularized)
territorial matrix
surrounds isogenous cell group, high amt of GAGs and lower amt of collagen
chondrocytes
round cells with small dark nuclei
arranged in lacunae
often in groups of 2-8 cells (isogenous groups)
what type/what is arrow pointing to?
hyaline, perichondrium
diarthroses joints permit ______ and are found______
free movment
synovial joints
interterritorial matrix
surrounds territorial matrix, more collagen II and fewer GAGs
what type
elastic
Which layer of articular cartilage?
tangential (chondrocytes flattened parallel to surface, cartilage parallel to surface)
what type
Elastic
synarthroses joints permit _____ and found in ______
little to no movement
cranial bones, ribs, sternum
what type
fibrocartilage
