Cariology w/ Dr. O Flashcards
Most prevalent health conditions in world
Caries
Determinants of caries
saliva/quality, tooth morphology, PAST caries, defective restorations,
Reasons for decline in caries
increased dental visits, increased dietary awareness, inc flouride, inc antibiotic use,
caries in surveys is documented where
**KNOW THIS
in dentin, NOT enamel
leads to underestimation of caries problem in surveys
**KNOW THIS
that caries are documented in dentin, NOT enamel
A Unique survey
combines interviews and physical exams
Referring to the NHANES Survey, data generally shows expected ______ among ______
DISPARITIES: among racial/ethnic minorities (Age, race, SES, etc.)
epidemiology defined
The study of distributions and determinants of health problems in a population and to help control these problems, based on numbers
Dental Caries
Name of a chronic disease condition, localized destruction of susceptible hard dental tissue by acidic by-products from bacterial fermentation of sugar/carbs
Key words of dental caries
Bacteria/Biofilm
Multifactorial
Carbs/Sugar
Lasting Risk/Chronic
Cavity
Tooth decay, the hole that is a result of caries
3 Key Facts about Cavities
It is the most common preventable childhood disease
It can be arrested and is reversible to a point
Susceptibility throughout life
Appearance of incipient caries
White spot (“White spot lesion”)
Private Practice Vs Dental Public Health
laundary list
Private is about one patient and that patients past. Public is survey of needs.
Private uses x-rays, models etc while public analyzes data.
Private diagnosis and public program plans.
Private must have consent and public looks for ways to implement.
Private treats while public evaluates if it is working.
Private collects fee for service and public works through grants.
Assumptions of epidemiology
Disease does not occur at random and are rarely evenly distributed.
We can ID casual and preventative factors of human disease through investigation.
Is everyone susceptible to caries
yes
Prevalence vs incidence
Prevalence is a proportion, how many in this population
Incidence is new cases
Is a dentist visit every 1-3 months enough to eliminate caries?
no
Caries noun or adj?
Noun, who cares
Carious lesion noun or adj
adjective, expresses the attribute of the disease
Cause of caries
Multifactorial so cannot say
Fermentation
mono and disachharides and cooked starch by bacteria in biofilm which increases acidity in the biofilm
Dynamic process
Demin and Remin
Rate of caries
Slow
Distribution of Caries
Not even, not all are exposed the same
Age and caries risk
risk increases with age
Elderly caries associated with what
roots
childhood caries commonly associated with what
restorations
Gender and caries risk
Females have higher risk but they also see the dentist more so probably just see these more
Does race play a role in caries risk?
YES.
Need what for caries? (3 main things)
Host, food, and tooth
Socioeconomics and caries risk…which ethnicities in specific experience more risk? (3)
**KNOW THIS
Lower SES have higher risk.
African Americans
Alaska
natives/American Indians
Hispanics especially Mexican Americans
Low SES have higher what and lower what
High Decay and Missing lower Filling (b/c they are poor) (think DMF)
Do genetics play a role in caries risk?
yes, some
Greatest determinant for caries risk
**KNOW THIS
Past caries experience (secondary caries are a high risk)
Other determinants/risk factors include
Saliva/xerostomia, tooth morphology, history, defective restorations, oral flora, diet, oral hygiene practices
Decline in caries rates comes from what
**KNOW THIS
Improved Oral Health care
- improved dental visit rates and hygiene
- increased awareness of dietary affects leading to less sugar
- Antibiotic use
- increased flourided exposure
- Decrease and change in virulence of organisms in oral cavity
“Unique Surveys”
combine interviews and physical exams
Why was NHANES designed?
to assess the health and nutritional status of adults and children in the US
Survey data generally shows what???
Disparities between Age, Race, SES, etc.
Strongest indication of dental caries is
**MUST KNOW!!
previous dental caries
