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Foundations 2 Exam 1 > Cariology 3 w/ Hodgson > Flashcards

Cariology 3 w/ Hodgson Flashcards

1
Q

Dental caries

A

progressive loss by bacteria produced acid of apatite composed of dentin and enamel or of cementum and dentin-it is the disease

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2
Q

Acid from what causes caries

A

ONLY from bacteria

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3
Q

Dental cavity

A

break in enamel or dentin of tooth caused by caries

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4
Q

Caries reversible?

A

most not, will need operation

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5
Q

Caries infectious?

A

yeah

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6
Q

How many types of bacteria in biofilm in mouth

A

600-800

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7
Q

modifiers of caries

A

saliva and flouride

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8
Q

Why is diagnosis important

A

forms basis of treatment decisions, enables professional to inform patient, advises health service planners on population level

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9
Q

Diagnosis general definition

A

determination of the nature of a (one single) case of disease

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10
Q

clinical diagnosis defined

A

diagnosis based on signs, symptoms, and lab findings during life- cavities are a sign of the disease dental caries

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11
Q

who has caries

A

nearly everyone, cavities are less ubiquitous

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12
Q

Diagnostic Problems…

Chart

A

Disease + and Test + = true +
Disease + and Test - = false -

Disease - and test + = false +
Disease - Test - = true -

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13
Q

Continuum of caries

A

Mineral loss over time, some do not lose enough tooth structure to develop a cavity

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14
Q

Sensitivity vs specificity

A

Sensitivity is the True ++ and specificity is true negative –

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15
Q

Explain the trend of caries

A

Depends on when you have girlfriends and how much booze you consume

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16
Q

universal definition of when a tooth needs to be restored

A

there is not one

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17
Q

True + plus false - =

A

1

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18
Q

Sensitivity (and % of dental tests)

A

How often do we get a true positive=90%

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19
Q

Specificity (and % of dental tests)

A

How often do we get a True Negative= 85%

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20
Q

When disease prevalence drops, what happens to accuracy?

A

It drops significantly

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21
Q

How should we diagnose caries? (what to tell the patient/classification)

A

Do not tell patients they have no caries

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22
Q

number of surfaces/sites that can develop a cavity

A

4

pits/fissures, proximal, smooth/cervical, root

23
Q

Caries extent types

A 
4
Sound surface
Initial
Moderate
Advanced
24
Q

Caries that involves DEJ

A

Advanced

25
Q

Caries Activity

A

Inactive
Active
Undetermined-cannot tell
Not recorded

26
Q

of items recorded on a lesion

A

12

27
Q

Dry tooth increases

A

sensativity

28
Q

highest specificity test

A

visually

29
Q

opaque white spots

A

carious lesion

30
Q

good lighting increases

A

visual sensitivity

31
Q

Tactile detection

A

resistance to catch of explorer, palpate for roughness

32
Q

Disadvantages of tactile detection (3)

A

catch on healthy tooth

Too much force causing microfractures

May seed bacteria from one area to another

33
Q

location of interproximal cavity

A

lesions develop under the interproximal contacts

34
Q

Orthodontic separators allow for

A

better inter proximal vision

35
Q

Radiographic sensitivity and specificity vs tactile and visual

A

lower, only shows deminerlization

36
Q

Disadvantages of Radiographs (3)

A

radiation
does not show activity
extent of demineralization more extensive than shown on radiograph

37
Q

How to determine activity of caries

A

serial radiographs needed

38
Q

digital enhancement of radiographs (vs film)

A

not as good as film unless enhanced, does have lower levels of radiation

39
Q

Subtraction radiography

A

two radiographs taken at two different times placed over one another, image is subtracted from the other, gives great contrast

40
Q

Fiber Optic transillumination sensativity

A

very low

41
Q

Digitally enhance fiber optic transillumination sensitivity and specificity

A

very high

42
Q

DIAGNOdent (laser light flourescense) sens and spec

A

not better than visual

43
Q

Qualitative light flourescence

A

very expensive, commercially available; mineral loss quantifiable

44
Q

Electrical conductance

A

time consuming, fluids more conductive, enamel low in fluids and electrolytes, caries increases conductivity

45
Q

Electrical impedance

A

opposite of conductance, resistance to flow of electrical current, carious tissue has lower impedance (conduct electricity better)

46
Q

Ultrasound

A

works, not available, would eliminate radiaiton

47
Q

evidence of caries arrestment is which level

A

Inactive

48
Q

evidence of continued deminerlization is which level of caries

A

active

49
Q

unable to provide evidence of arrestment or advancement is which level of caries

A

Undetermined

50
Q

a full cavitation through enamel and the dentin is clinically exposed

A

Advanced caries lesion

51
Q

deep deminerlization with possible surface microcavtations/shallow cavitation/dentin shadowing through enamel (50-88% of lesions likely to have histological dentin penetratioin)

A

moderate caries lesion

52
Q

no clinically detectable lesion is which caries level

A

sound surface

53
Q

earliest detectable lesion- usually remineralizable (0-50% may have histologic evidence of dentin penetration)

A

Initial caries lesion

54
Q

initial caries lesion still considered cavitated?

A

No

Foundations 2 Exam 1 (12 decks)

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