Caring for a newborn at risk Flashcards
Dysmature
before term or postterm, SGA, LGA
intrauterine
in the uterus
intrapartal
time from labor to birth
extrauterine
adaption to extrauterine life. Baby outside uterus
asphyxia
o2 cut off from baby
What signals the first moment of intervention
the delivery of the babys head
atropine does what
relieves bradycardia
epinephrine does what
increase HR & BP
What is given to all newborns under 1500g?
surfactant
8 priority needs of newborn the first few days of life
initiate & maintain respirations, establishment of circulation, control temp, obtain adequate nourishment, establish elimination, prevent infection, establish bonding, development of care
Premature o2 saturation should be between what
88%-92%
Maintain skin temp of newborn at?
97-98 (36.1-36.7 C)
Convection heat loss
cold draft
Conduction heat loss
warm blankets
Cold stress causes
hypoglycemia, respiratory distress, increased RR, contribute to circulatory problems
Symptoms of Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Retractions, nasal flaring, expiratory grunting, changes in respiratory & HR
What tests can you do for lung maturity
L/S & PG values ( phosphatidlglcerol)
Ductus arterosus, formen ovale & ductus venosus do what with fetal maturity
close
LGA
> 90 percentile
SGA
<10 percentile
LBW
less than expected birth weight. Weight of 2500g or less at birth
AGA
between 10th & 90th percentile
preterm babys look like:
small, underdeveloped, few creases on feet, diminished reflexes, head disproportionately large, small fontane, skin ruddy d/t decreased subq fat, little vernix, extensive lanugo
preterm complications in baby
hyperbeilrubinemia–>kernicterus, anemia dt immature hematopoietic system, respiratory distress syndrome, retinopathy probs, necrotizing entercolitis ( small intestines cant digest food)
postterm babies will look like:
dry, cracked leather skin, absence of vernix, slight weight loss, longer fingernails, alert, may have passed meconium, polycythemia dt decreased oxygenation, hypoglycemia
cause of RDS
low levels of lung surfactant
medications for RDS
antibiotics, sodium bicarbonate to correct acidosis, IV fluids, N/G feedings, o2 with or without ventilator, surfactant replacement via ET tube
Transient tachypnea
rapid respirations 80-120. Decreasing over initial few hours eaing at 36 & fading by 72 hours
Cause of Transient tachypnea
slow absorption of lung fluid
Cause of meconium aspiration syndrome
infections, hypoxia, advanced gestational age, umbilical cord compression, poor intrauterine growth, cocaine
What do you do when a baby has meconium aspiration syndrome
Suction on perineum before 1st breath, no stimulation until suction-laryngoscope & ET tube, no use of 02 until suctioning done. We do 02 by a hood over babys head
Meconium aspiration syndrome treatments
observation if no symptoms, ET tube for suction, 02 by hood or ventilator, antibiotics, replace surfactant via ET tube,
