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Histology Lecture (Finals) > Cardiovascular System - Module 12 > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System - Module 12 Flashcards

Cardiovascular System

1
Q

System responsible for transport and exchange of nutrients, oxygen, body fluids, waste material, heat, and blood cells around the body; Closed system of plumbing (Blood Vessels) and is propelled by heart

A

Cardiovascular System

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2
Q

Vessels of the Cardiovascular System

A

Veins, Venules, Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries

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3
Q

Three layers of Arteries and Veins

A

Tunica intima, Tunica media, Tunica externa

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4
Q

This is the innermost layer lining a blood vessel next to lumen. Composed of Endothelium and subendothelium

A

Tunica Intima

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5
Q

This surrounds tunica intima

A

Basal Lamina and Loose Connective Tissue

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6
Q

True or False, Arteries have an internal elastic lamina that separates the T. intima from T. media

A

True

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7
Q

This is the middle layer of a Vessel wall

A

Tunica Media

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8
Q

This layer consists of concentrically arranged layers of smooth muscle

A

Tunica Media

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9
Q

True or False, arteries have thinner tunica media than veins due to absence of smooth muscle

A

False, Arteries have thicker Tunica Media due to more smooth muscle

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10
Q

This is the outermost layer of Vessel Wall

A

Tunica Externa (Adventitia)

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11
Q

This layer is composed of collagen and elastic fibers blending into the connective tissue surrounding the blood vessel

A

Tunica Externa (Adventitia)

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12
Q

Thickest tunic layer in veins

A

Tunica Externa (Adventitia)

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13
Q

Layers of Elastic Artery and Arterioles

A

Tunica intima, Tunica media, Tunica externa

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14
Q

Layers of Muscular Artery

A
  1. Tunica intima
  2. Internal Elastic Lamina
  3. Tunica media
  4. External Elastic Lamina
  5. Tunica externa
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15
Q

Layers of Large Vein and Venules

A

Tunica intima, Tunica media, Tunica externa

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16
Q

Layers of Medium-sized vein

A
  1. Tunica intima
  2. Valve
  3. Tunica media
  4. Tunica externa
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17
Q

Small blood vessels of large arteries and veins that nourishes the adventitia and outer media

A

Vasa Vasorum

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18
Q

True or False, Veins have more Vasa Vasorum than Arteries

A

True

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19
Q

Why do Veins have more Vasa Vasorum than Arteries

A

Because veins have lower content of oxygen and nutrients in blood in the lumen

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20
Q

Smallest blood vessel just around 7-9 micrometers in diameter.

A

Capillaries

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21
Q

This blood vessel is composed of single layer of endothelial cells rolled up to a tube

A

Capillaries

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22
Q

Where do endothelial cells of capillaries rest on

A

Basal Lamina

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23
Q

What type of junction connects endothelial cells

A

Zonula Occludens

24
Q

Small cells adjacent to capillaries and venules, transform into other cells during repairing injury

A

Pericytes

25
Q

What are the Three types of Capillaries

A
  1. Continuous Capillaries
  2. Fenestrated Capillaries
  3. Sinusoidal Capillaries/Sinusoids
26
Q

This is the most common type of capillary found in muscle, connective tissue, glands, and nerve tissues

A

Continuous (Tight) Capillaries

27
Q

True or False, Continuous Capillaries are fenestrated

A

False, Continuous capillaries are non fenestrated

28
Q

These type of capillaries are present in organs constantly needing exchange of substances between tissues

A

Fenestrated Capillaries

29
Q

True or False, Continuous Basal Lamina is present in Fenestrated Capillaries

A

True

30
Q

Capillaries that have large diameter and twisted course; Located in liver, bone marrow, spleen, and some endocrine organs

A

Sinusoidal Capillaries

31
Q

Capillaries located at organs forming a microvasculature network with a huge surface area

A

Capillary Bed

32
Q

Factors that determine what stuff moves across capillary walls

A
  1. Size/Charge of Molecule
  2. Structure of Capillary
33
Q

Which is thicker, Arteries or Veins

A

Arteries

34
Q

True or False, Arteries/arterioles have larger wall to lumen ratio

A

True

35
Q

True or False, Veins/Venules have a large wall to lumen ratio

A

False, Smaller wall to lumen ratio

36
Q

What blood vessels have thin tunica externa with 1-3 layers of smooth muscle in tunica media

A

Arterioles

37
Q

What blood vessels have very thin walls but its externa is relatively the thickest

A

Venules

38
Q

Blood vessels that conducts blood to different regions and organs of the body

A

Arteries

39
Q

True or False, Muscular Arteries are small to medium sized arteries

A

False, Medium to Large sized arteries

40
Q

Largest arteries that minimizes changes in blood pressure

A

Elastic Arteries

41
Q

What artery has a prominent internal elastic lamina and has thick tunica media

A

Muscular Arteries

42
Q

How many layers of smooth muscle is in Tunica Media of Muscular Arteries

A

40 layers of smooth muscle

43
Q

Blood vessels that returns blood back to the heart

A

Veins

44
Q

Considered Capacitance vessels since they hold more than 70% of total blood volume

A

Veins

45
Q

What layer compose the valves of veins

A

Tunica intima (projects into vein lumen)

46
Q

True or False, Valves in veins are numerous in limbs

A

True

47
Q

This is the inner layer of the heart; Consists of endothelium and basal lamina

A

Endocardium

48
Q

True or False, valves are not considered part of the Endocardium

A

False, they are considered part of the endocardium

49
Q

This layer of endocardium is a layer of loose connective tissue between endocardium and myocardium containing nerves, blood vessels, and branches of conducting system of the heart

A

Subendocardium Layer

50
Q

Layer where Cardiomyocytes are located

A

Myocardium

51
Q

Layer where muscle fibers are arranged in a spiral pattern around the chambers of the heart

A

Myocardium

52
Q

True or False, Impulse-generating cells are present in myocardium

A

True

53
Q

This layer is the external layer of the heart

A

Epicardium

54
Q

This layer consists of a surface mesothelium supported by a thin layer of connective tissue

A

Epicardium

55
Q

True or False, Epicardium contains a loose connective tissue, nerves, blood vessels, and small amount of adipose tissue

A

False, it contains a large amount of adipose tissue

56
Q

These are modified cardiac muscles that initiates contraction and conduction of electrochemical impulses

A

Conducting System

57
Q

Enlarged Cardiac Muscle fiber that specializes in conducting impulses

A

Purkinje Fibers

Histology Lecture (Finals) (4 decks)

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