cardiovascular system drugs Flashcards
B agonists:
isoproterenol* most potent
epi- use for COMPLETE av block
norepi
dopamine
phosphodiester inhibitors
aminophylline, caffeine
what is used in refractory cases & ionotropic effect on contractility and rate VIA camp
glucagon
what increases contractility
calcium salsts
what increases heart rate
atropine
what is a positive inotrope?
increases contractility
which inotrope is used in Congest Heart failure or atrial arrythmias
digitalis
what inoptrope at lose dose is used for tissue perfussion thats good for shock txt
dopamine
dobutamine has no perfussion
what vasodilators are used for Cong heart failure, hypertension and progressive renale failure
ACE inhibitors captopril enalopril *IV only, slower onset long duration lisinopril benazepril
what is used for arteriolar vasodilation
hydralizine
what is used for emergency vasodilation
nitrates
- prazosin
- na nitroprusside
- nitroglycerin
what are the two inodilators?
- phosphodiesterase inhibitors
- pimobendan (vetmedin)
what does pimobendan (vetmedin) do?
increase cardiac contractility and causes vasodil by inhibit PDEIII and sensitives troponin without actually increases inctracellular calcium
- txt CHF dog, adjuct therapy in DCM, CVD
safter than digitalsi
what b Blocker is used only in moderate/early heart failure + inhibn RAS and balanced vasodilator
carvedilol..blocks vasoconstriction..nonselective B/a1 blocker
what are class 1 tachyarrhythimas
sodium channel blockers (ventricular arrhythmias)
Class 1a sodium chan blockers
prolong
quinidine
procainamide
disopyramide
class 1b sodium channel blockers
shorten
lidocain *DOC, procainamide is backup
phenytoin- dog only
class 1c sodium channel blockers
flecainide- no effect
what are class 2 tachyarrhythmias
b-blockers (ventricul and supraventric)
what are examples of Class 2 tacchyarrythimias & what are they the DOC for?
propranol, timoloil, pindolol, atenolol, metoprolol
*DOC hyperthyroidism in cats
what are class 3 tachyarrhythimas
agens that prolong action potenial duration (refraction arrhy)
-bretylium, amiodarone, sotalol
what are class 4 tacchyarrht?
Ca channel blockers (supra and myocardia hypertrophy)
- verapamil-
- diltizem-DOC myco hyper cat
what are examples of bradyarrhythmias
atropine-DOC for sinus brady and incomplete AV block
isoproterenol- sinus brady
epi- cardiac asystole-complete
what are the vasoconstrictors
epi & norepi-nonselevctive a agonist
phenlyephinre- selective a1 agonist
epherdine and phenypropanolamine-direct and indirect sympathomimet..txt inctonenance
non selective a blocker–txt of emergency hyperT
phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine
selective a1 blocker
prazosin
terazosin
doxazosin
presynaptic a2 agonist
clonidie
nonselective b blocker
propanolol
selective b blocker
atenolol
b/a1 blocker nonselective
carvedilol
indirect sympatholgtics
guanethide and bretylium
what ACE inhibitor is best in renal failure patintq
benazepril
what are the calcium channel blockers?
diphenylalkylamines (verapamil)
benzodiazepines (diltiazem)
dihydrophyridine(nifedipine and amlodipine(
why would you use calcium channel blockers
- antiarrhythimic
- antihyperT
- myocardia hypertropyh
- antianginal
- decrease perip resistance
- decreae BPD
