Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What is an artery
Sick flexible blood vessel that usually carries oxygenated blood apart from the pulmonary artery
What are capillaries
Finn blood vessels (one cell thick) this allows oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse (gaseous exchange)
Veins
Have valves to prevent back flow of blood as it is low pressure as the blood is usually deoxygenated apart from the pulmonary vein
What is the atria
Top two chambers of the heart
What are the ventricles
Bottom to chambers of the heart
What is the bicuspid valve
Stop back flow from the left ventricle into the left atrium
What is the tricuspid valve
Stop back flow from the right ventricle into the right atrium
What is the semilunar valve
Prevents expelled blood from back flowing into the heart
What is the aorta
The main artery that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle around the body
What is the Veena Carver
The main vein that carries oxygenated blood to the right atrium
Is the pulmonary artery
Do you want the artery that carries deoxygenated blood it carries blood to the lungs to be oxygenated
What is the pulmonary vein
The only vein that carries oxygenated blood it carries blood from the lungs
What is the septum
The wall that divides the left and right sides of the heart
What is heart rate
How many times your heart beats a minute
What is stroke volume
Do you amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per beat
What is cardiac output
How much blood is pumped out of the left ventricle a minute
What our red blood cells
They carry oxygen they contain haemoglobin desponds with oxygen to create oxyhaemoglobin
Name the air sacks where gaseous exchange takes place
The alveoli
name two muscles involved in breathing
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles
What is aerobic exercise
Respiration in the presence of oxygen. Exercising at a moderate intensity for a long period of time
What is anaerobic exercise
Respiration in the absence of oxygen. Exercising at a high intensity for short periods of time
Why the cardiovascular and respiratory system must work together
The oxygen that we breathe in via the respiratory system must defuses into the bloodstream and travel around our body to give out muscles the oxygen and energy they need to work the cardiovascular and respiratory system meet where the alveoli and capillaries do
What are the three functions of the cardiovascular system
Transport protection and temperature control
Transport
Circulate blood around the body. Carries water, oxygen, nutrients and food to the cells. Carrie waist and carbon dioxide away from sells
Protection
Helps fight disease through antibodies platelets and white blood cells in the blood
Temperature control
Maintain body temperature by absorbing and transferring heat from warmer to cool parts of the body
What are the components of the cardiovascular system
The heart the blood and blood vessels
Pulmonary circuit
Pumps blood to the lungs and back. The right side pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen
Systematic circuit
Pumps blood to the body from the heart and back again. The left side pumps oxygenated blood to the body
how blood is carried
Artery, arterioles ,capillaries, venules, veins
Blood flows through the heart
Oxygen rich blood is pumped into the left atrium. Then to the left ventricle. Then to be a otter around the body onto muscles. Deoxygenated blood passes into the Veena Carver and back to the right atrium. Then the right ventricle. Then through the pulmonary artery to the lungs to be oxygenated
Vasodilation and vasoconstriction
That’s so dilation – blood vessels rise and gets rid of hate
Vasoconstriction - blood vessel sink in to conserve heat
What us the calculation for cardiac output?
Stroke volume x heart rate = cardiac output
