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PE- paper 1 > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

What is an artery

A

Sick flexible blood vessel that usually carries oxygenated blood apart from the pulmonary artery

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2
Q

What are capillaries

A

Finn blood vessels (one cell thick) this allows oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse (gaseous exchange)

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3
Q

Veins

A

Have valves to prevent back flow of blood as it is low pressure as the blood is usually deoxygenated apart from the pulmonary vein

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4
Q

What is the atria

A

Top two chambers of the heart

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5
Q

What are the ventricles

A

Bottom to chambers of the heart

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6
Q

What is the bicuspid valve

A

Stop back flow from the left ventricle into the left atrium

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7
Q

What is the tricuspid valve

A

Stop back flow from the right ventricle into the right atrium

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8
Q

What is the semilunar valve

A

Prevents expelled blood from back flowing into the heart

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9
Q

What is the aorta

A

The main artery that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle around the body

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10
Q

What is the Veena Carver

A

The main vein that carries oxygenated blood to the right atrium

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11
Q

Is the pulmonary artery

A

Do you want the artery that carries deoxygenated blood it carries blood to the lungs to be oxygenated

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12
Q

What is the pulmonary vein

A

The only vein that carries oxygenated blood it carries blood from the lungs

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13
Q

What is the septum

A

The wall that divides the left and right sides of the heart

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14
Q

What is heart rate

A

How many times your heart beats a minute

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15
Q

What is stroke volume

A

Do you amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per beat

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16
Q

What is cardiac output

A

How much blood is pumped out of the left ventricle a minute

17
Q

What our red blood cells

A

They carry oxygen they contain haemoglobin desponds with oxygen to create oxyhaemoglobin

18
Q

Name the air sacks where gaseous exchange takes place

A

The alveoli

19
Q

name two muscles involved in breathing

A

Diaphragm and intercostal muscles

20
Q

What is aerobic exercise

A

Respiration in the presence of oxygen. Exercising at a moderate intensity for a long period of time

21
Q

What is anaerobic exercise

A

Respiration in the absence of oxygen. Exercising at a high intensity for short periods of time

22
Q

Why the cardiovascular and respiratory system must work together

A

The oxygen that we breathe in via the respiratory system must defuses into the bloodstream and travel around our body to give out muscles the oxygen and energy they need to work the cardiovascular and respiratory system meet where the alveoli and capillaries do

23
Q

What are the three functions of the cardiovascular system

A

Transport protection and temperature control

24
Q

Transport

A

Circulate blood around the body. Carries water, oxygen, nutrients and food to the cells. Carrie waist and carbon dioxide away from sells

25
Q

Protection

A

Helps fight disease through antibodies platelets and white blood cells in the blood

26
Q

Temperature control

A

Maintain body temperature by absorbing and transferring heat from warmer to cool parts of the body

27
Q

What are the components of the cardiovascular system

A

The heart the blood and blood vessels

28
Q

Pulmonary circuit

A

Pumps blood to the lungs and back. The right side pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen

29
Q

Systematic circuit

A

Pumps blood to the body from the heart and back again. The left side pumps oxygenated blood to the body

30
Q

how blood is carried

A

Artery, arterioles ,capillaries, venules, veins

31
Q

Blood flows through the heart

A

Oxygen rich blood is pumped into the left atrium. Then to the left ventricle. Then to be a otter around the body onto muscles. Deoxygenated blood passes into the Veena Carver and back to the right atrium. Then the right ventricle. Then through the pulmonary artery to the lungs to be oxygenated

32
Q

Vasodilation and vasoconstriction

A

That’s so dilation – blood vessels rise and gets rid of hate

Vasoconstriction - blood vessel sink in to conserve heat

33
Q

What us the calculation for cardiac output?

A

Stroke volume x heart rate = cardiac output

PE- paper 1 (9 decks)

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