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HUBS1404 > Cardiovascular P2 > Flashcards

Cardiovascular P2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three layers of the blood vessels?

A

Tunica Intima, Tunica media, Tunica Externa.

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2
Q

What is the innermost layer of the blood vessel?

A

Tunica intima, contains endothelial cells.
Very smooth to minimise friction.
- Arteries have a layer of elastic fibres which helps with distension and recoil.

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3
Q

What is the middle layer of the blood vessel?

A

Tunica media, made of elastic and smooth muscle fibres, much thicker in arteries and allows for vasoconstriction/dilation.

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4
Q

What is the outermost layer of the blood vessel?

A

Tunica externa, constructed from connective tissue, fuse with adjacent tissue to anchor vessel.

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5
Q

What are elastic arteries?

A
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6
Q

What are the main characteristics of the elastic arteries?

A

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7
Q

What are muscular arteries?

A

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8
Q

What are the main characteristics of muscular arteries?

A

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9
Q

What are arterioles?

A

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10
Q

What are the main functions of arterioles?

A

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11
Q

What are capillaries?

A

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12
Q

What are the main functions of capillaries?

A

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13
Q

What are the different types of capillaries?

A

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14
Q

How is blood flow measured?

A

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15
Q

What is blood flow dependent on?

A

Pressure difference-
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Vascular resistance
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16
Q

What is vascular tone?

A
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17
Q

What affects vascular tone?

A

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18
Q

What are the major vasodilators?

A

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19
Q

What are the major vasoconstrictors?

A

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20
Q

What causes high blood viscosity?

A

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21
Q

What is the affect of high blood viscosity?

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22
Q

What does diffusion do?

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23
Q

What are the diffusion pathways?

A
24
Q

What is transcytosis?

A
25
Q

What is Hydrostatic pressure?

A
26
Q

What is osmotic pressure?

A
27
Q

What is Reperfusion/ reoxygenation injury?

A
28
Q

What regulates blood pressure?

A
29
Q

Why is blood pressure important?

A
30
Q

What is the limbic system?

A
31
Q

What are proprioceptors?

A
32
Q

What are baroreceptors?

A
33
Q

What are chemoreceptors?

A
34
Q

How do hormones regulate blood pressure?

A
35
Q

What is cardiac output?

A
36
Q

What is end-diastolic volume?

A
37
Q

What is end-systolic volume?

A
38
Q

What is stroke volume?

A
39
Q

What is ejection fraction?

A
40
Q

What is preload?

A
41
Q

What is contractility?

A
42
Q

What is afterload?

A
43
Q

What is hypertension?

A
44
Q

What is blood pressure?

A
  • Produced by ventricular contraction
  • Highest in the aorta during ventricular systole and reduces blood flow through the vascular system.
  • Normal Bp from brachial artery:
  • Systolic = 120 mmHg
  • Diastolic = 80 mmHg.

HUBS1404 (10 decks)

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