Cardiovascular: Level 1

Question 1

Irregular beating of the atria. Can cause pooling of blood in the heart which can then lead to formation of a blood clot.

Answer 1

A-fib (Atrial Fibrillation)

Question 2

What is A-fib noted as upon physical exam?

Answer 2

An irregularly irregular rhythm

Question 3

Well organized but overly-rapid beating of the atria.

Answer 3

A-flutter (Atrial Flutter)

Question 4

What can atrial fibrillation lead to?

Answer 4

Pooling of blood in the heart leading to a blood clot.

Question 5

A localized widening of an artery or vein due to the vessel wall being weakened.

Answer 5

Aneurysm

Question 6

Chest pain due to ischemia (lack of oxygen) of the heart muscle.

Answer 6

Angina

Question 7

Irregular heartbeat.

Answer 7

Arrhythmia

Question 8

Blood vessel which carries blood away from the heart to the body (mainly oxygenated blood).

Answer 8

Artery

Question 9

Heart rate which is slower than normal, less than 60 beats per minute for the average adult. Physically fit individuals (like runners) may have a resting heart rate which is normally below 60 bpm.

Answer 9

Bradycardia

Question 10

Measurement of the electrical activity of the heart.

Answer 10

EKG/ECG (Electrocardiogram)

Question 11

Obstruction of a blood vessel, typically by a blood clot or air bubble

Answer 11

Embolism

Question 12

Repeatedly elevated blood pressure exceeding or equal to a systolic pressure of 140 mmHg or a diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg.

Answer 12

Hypertension

Question 13

Low blood pressure, systolic pressure less than 90 mmHg or a diastolic pressure less than 60 mmHg.

Answer 13

Hypotension

Question 14

Death of cardiac muscle due to ischemia (inadequate blood supply to the heart); a heart attack.

Answer 14

MI (Myocardial Infarction)

Question 15

Abnormal heart sound which is rated on a scale of 1-6.

Answer 15

Murmur

Question 16

A feeling or sensation of rapid, strong, or irregular heartbeat.

Answer 16

Palpitations

Question 17

Inflammation of the pericardium, the saclike membrane surrounding the heart.

Answer 17

Pericarditis

Question 18

Premature ventricular contraction, visible on an EKG.

Answer 18

PVC

Question 19

What does PVC stand for?

Answer 19

Premature ventricular contraction

Question 20

Heart rate which is between 60 and 100 beats per minute.

Answer 20

Regular rate

Question 21

The heart is in Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR).

Answer 21

Regular Rhythm

Question 22

A heart attack diagnosed when the EKG shows ST segment elevation.

Answer 22

STEMI (ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction)

Question 23

A small tube which is used to treat narrow or weak arteries. Used to treat coronary artery disease.

Answer 23

Stent

Question 24

Rapid heartbeat which develops due to a malfunction of the electrical system of the heart.

Answer 24

SVT (Supraventricular Tachycardia)

Question 25

Heart rate which is faster than normal, faster than 100 beats per minute.

Answer 25

Tachycardia

Question 26

Blood clot within a blood vessel which is impeding blood flow.

Answer 26

Thrombus

Question 27

Vessel carrying blood towards the heart.

Answer 27

Vein

Question 28

Very rapid, uncoordinated fluttering contractions of the ventricles of the heart, requires immediate electrical cardioversion.

Answer 28

V-fib (ventricular fibrillation)