Cardiovascular Flashcards
How many valves does the heart have
Four
What are ventricles separated by
Atrioventricular septum
What do ventricles do
Blood pumping chambers
What are the two inferior chambers
Right and left ventricles
What is the atria
Blood receiving chamber
What are the right and left atrium divided by
Inter atrial septum
Where does deoxygenated blood go
Right atrium from vena cava
What happens when right ventricle contracts
Blood deoxygenates blood to pulmonary artery
Where does deoxygenated blood go after pulmonary artery
Pulmonary semilunar valve to lungs
Where does deoxygenated blood go after lungs
Pulmonary veins
How many parts are in the cardiac cycle
4
What are the parts of the cardiac cycle
Volume change pressure change ekg heart sound
What is the conduction system
Ensures the heart chambers contract in coordination
What is the pacemaker
Sa node
Where is the SA node
Upper wall of right atrium
Where does the pulse from SA node go
Right and left atria
What does a contracted atria do
Forces blood to ventricles
Where is the AV node
Right ventricles wall
What is the contraction of ventricles called
Systole
What is the rest phase called
Diastole
How can we control the heart
Epinephrine or neophenphrine
What are lymph
Thin walled vessels
What does lymph do
One way valves to maintain flow in one direction
What do capillaries do
Absorb excess tissue fluid
Where are lymph nodes
Neck armpit groin
What do lymph nodes contain
Lymphocytes and macrophages which seek pathogens
What do B lymphocytes do
Make antibodies which target pathogens
What is filtered lymph
Cleaned blood plasma
What is blood made of
Plasma erythrocytes leukocytes and platelets
What is plasma
Water plasma proteins other nutrients
What is hemoglobin
A protein in erythrocytes
What does hemoglobin do
Carries oxygen from lungs to body’s tissues and returns co2 from tissues to lungs
What do leukocytes do
Immune response
What are platelets responsible for
Helping blood clot
What does blood travel through
Vessels
What are Arteries
Vessels that carry blood away from heart
Why are arteries thick
To withstand heartbeat
What are small branches of arteries
Arteriols
What do arteries attach to
A bed of capillaries
What are capillaries
Microscopic vessels
What do veins do
Carry blood from body to heart
What are veins connected to
Capillary beds (venules)
Why are veins thin
They are away from the heart
Why are veins one way
Prevents blood from going back
What is systemic circulation
Right side of oxygenated blood from lungs to body
Pulmonary circulation
Right side pumps deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs
What do valves do
Regulate blood flow
What do artiroventricular valves do
Guide blood from atria to ventricles
Where is the tricuspid valve
The right
Where is the mitral valve
On the left
Where is the pulmonary valve
On the right
What does the pulmonary valve do
Guides blood from right ventricles to pulmonary trunk
What does the pulmonary trunk do
Leads blood to lungs to get oxygen
Where is the aortic valve
The left
What is the aortic valve responsible for
Movement of blood around body
Why do we need movement of blood
Permits nutrients distribution of waste removal and protection
What is cardiac tissue called
Myocardium
What is the myocardium surrounded by
Pericardium
How many chambers does the heart have
4
What are the superior chambers
Right and left atrium
Function of pericardium
Provides friction free environment which the heart can work
