CARDIOVASCULAR Flashcards
In hypo and hyperkalemia, which ones relate to T and/or U waves in an ecg?
Peaked T is to hyper, prominent U is to hypo.
What to avoid when taking digoxin?
Black licorice (can increase risk for hypokalemia), St. john’s wort (can decrease serum digoxin)
When it comes to a-fib, what do you do, and which one comes first?
Anticoagulant first and then cardioversion
Talk about Vasopressin: what it is used for? Adverse effects? Toxicity signs?
It is an antidiuretic that is meant to treat DI, increases reabsorption and vasoconstriction of kidney ducts
Hypertension, MI, stroke, dysrhythmia
angina (chest pain)
What is tambocor used for?
Antiarrhythmic used for tachycardia
In the event a chest tube is dislodged from a person, how many sides do you secure a sterile dressing?
3 sides
Nifedipine: what drug class? What does it do?
Calcium channel blockers
It reduces vasospasms and improves circulation
Metoprolol: what class? What does it do?
Beta blockers
Decreases heart rate and contractility reducing heart rate.
What are some isotonic solutions?
D5W, 0.9% NACl, LR solution
CaptoPRIL is what class of med used for what?
ACE inhibitor for hypertension and heart failure
When using nitroglycerin spray, what to remember?
Generally sprayed on the chest but more importantly, not sprayed on hair
What MI refers to the ischemia that affects all layers of heart
Transmural infarction
When measuring thigh-high anti-embolic stockings, what to do?
Measure height by heel to thickest point of thigh
When starting CPR, what step first
Chest compressions and then airway and then mouth to mouth
Atropine is used for?
first line treatment for bradycardia >60
Elevated ST segments on two leads suggests
MI
With the holter monitor, what to do with bathing and showers
NO no
What adverse effect does digoxin have that can affect the heart?
Can slow HR
In severe bradycardia and hypotension, what should the nurse expect to do first?
Apply transcutaneous pacemaker pads
Digoxin toxicity?
Yellow halos
N/V
In the event of a third-degree heart block, what to do?
Transcutaneous (TCP)
Cardioversion is mainly for?
Unstable tachycardia or tachycardia unresponsive to medication
What needs to be done prior to cardioversion?
Anticoagulant therapy
Which part of the carotid artery should you palpate?
Lower half
Bumetanide is what type of drug? Adverse reactions?
Loop diuretics, ototoxicity
Where do you keep nitroglycerin?
Dark container
What is a common side effect of nitroglycerin?
Headache
When it comes to pregnancy and blood pressure?
Left lateral recumbent position
Pericarditis pain is relieved when and worse when?
Relieved when sitting up or leaning forward. Worse when lying down or reclining
What is a side effect of epinephrine? When is this a good thing?
Tachycardia via stimulation of beta adrenergic receptors. This can be a good thing when trying to activate the heart in asystole
Talk about lisanopril.
Ace inhibitor. Used to treat heart failure and hypertension but does not reduce fluid volume.
Digoxin therapeutic levels? Toxic levels
0.8 - 2
> 2
Amiodarone, what class? What does it do? Adverse reactions?
K channel blocker
Slows heart rate
Ataxia, involuntary movements, tremor, visual disturbance
Relation between digoxin and cardioversion
If you do cardioversion, you cant take digoxin 48 hrs prior
