CARDIOVASCULAR

Question 1

In hypo and hyperkalemia, which ones relate to T and/or U waves in an ecg?

Answer 1

Peaked T is to hyper, prominent U is to hypo.

Question 2

What to avoid when taking digoxin?

Answer 2

Black licorice (can increase risk for hypokalemia), St. john’s wort (can decrease serum digoxin)

Question 3

When it comes to a-fib, what do you do, and which one comes first?

Answer 3

Anticoagulant first and then cardioversion

Question 4

Talk about Vasopressin: what it is used for? Adverse effects? Toxicity signs?

Answer 4

It is an antidiuretic that is meant to treat DI, increases reabsorption and vasoconstriction of kidney ducts

Hypertension, MI, stroke, dysrhythmia

angina (chest pain)

Question 5

What is tambocor used for?

Answer 5

Antiarrhythmic used for tachycardia

Question 6

In the event a chest tube is dislodged from a person, how many sides do you secure a sterile dressing?

Answer 6

3 sides

Question 7

Nifedipine: what drug class? What does it do?

Answer 7

Calcium channel blockers

It reduces vasospasms and improves circulation

Question 8

Metoprolol: what class? What does it do?

Answer 8

Beta blockers

Decreases heart rate and contractility reducing heart rate.

Question 9

What are some isotonic solutions?

Answer 9

D5W, 0.9% NACl, LR solution

Question 10

CaptoPRIL is what class of med used for what?

Answer 10

ACE inhibitor for hypertension and heart failure

Question 11

When using nitroglycerin spray, what to remember?

Answer 11

Generally sprayed on the chest but more importantly, not sprayed on hair

Question 12

What MI refers to the ischemia that affects all layers of heart

Answer 12

Transmural infarction

Question 13

When measuring thigh-high anti-embolic stockings, what to do?

Answer 13

Measure height by heel to thickest point of thigh

Question 14

When starting CPR, what step first

Answer 14

Chest compressions and then airway and then mouth to mouth

Question 15

Atropine is used for?

Answer 15

first line treatment for bradycardia >60

Question 16

Elevated ST segments on two leads suggests

Answer 16

MI

Question 17

With the holter monitor, what to do with bathing and showers

Answer 17

NO no

Question 18

What adverse effect does digoxin have that can affect the heart?

Answer 18

Can slow HR

Question 19

In severe bradycardia and hypotension, what should the nurse expect to do first?

Answer 19

Apply transcutaneous pacemaker pads

Question 20

Digoxin toxicity?

Answer 20

Yellow halos

N/V

Question 21

In the event of a third-degree heart block, what to do?

Answer 21

Transcutaneous (TCP)

Question 22

Cardioversion is mainly for?

Answer 22

Unstable tachycardia or tachycardia unresponsive to medication

Question 23

What needs to be done prior to cardioversion?

Answer 23

Anticoagulant therapy

Question 24

Which part of the carotid artery should you palpate?

Answer 24

Lower half

Question 25

Bumetanide is what type of drug? Adverse reactions?

Answer 25

Loop diuretics, ototoxicity

Question 26

Where do you keep nitroglycerin?

Answer 26

Dark container

Question 27

What is a common side effect of nitroglycerin?

Answer 27

Headache

Question 28

When it comes to pregnancy and blood pressure?

Answer 28

Left lateral recumbent position

Question 29

Pericarditis pain is relieved when and worse when?

Answer 29

Relieved when sitting up or leaning forward. Worse when lying down or reclining

Question 30

What is a side effect of epinephrine? When is this a good thing?

Answer 30

Tachycardia via stimulation of beta adrenergic receptors. This can be a good thing when trying to activate the heart in asystole

Question 31

Talk about lisanopril.

Answer 31

Ace inhibitor. Used to treat heart failure and hypertension but does not reduce fluid volume.

Question 32

Digoxin therapeutic levels? Toxic levels

Answer 32

0.8 - 2

> 2

Question 33

Amiodarone, what class? What does it do? Adverse reactions?

Answer 33

K channel blocker

Slows heart rate

Ataxia, involuntary movements, tremor, visual disturbance

Question 34

Relation between digoxin and cardioversion

Answer 34

If you do cardioversion, you cant take digoxin 48 hrs prior