Cardiothoracic and lung surgery in non-malignant Flashcards
What are a few causes of lung abscess?
Aspiration, incl FB Pneumonia PTE Lung Ca Septic emboli
What are factors related to empyema thoracis?
Post pneumonic Post-operative Oesophageal Upper abdominal related Osteomyelitis Post-traumatic
Name some thymic tumours
Thymoma – 95% Thymolipoma Thymic carcinoma Carcinoid tumours of the thymus Lymphoma
Describe 2 tracheal surgeries
First is repair of iatrogenic injury
Second - tracheal tumours = salivary gland tumours and squamous carcinoma
Name 7 benign lung tumours
Hamartoma Fibroma Lipoma Neural tumours Papillomas Chondroma (Carcinoid)
Describe the difference between recurrent and recurring pneumothorax
If drain still bubbling then recurring pneumothorax
Recurrent if the patient gets better but then falls ill again
Define the open pneumothorax
Open pneumothorax is a pneumothorax involving an unsealed opening in the chest wall;
Define spontaneous haemopneumothorax
Can occur due to lung collapses and tears an adhesion and causes bleeding. Occurs in absence of trauma
Define secondary pneumothorax
Patient has pneumothorax and another underlying condition
What are some indication for surgery in pneumothorax
Recurrence
Persistence
Sometimes after one episode
What are two surgeries for pneumothorax
Pleurodesis and pleurectomy
Describe bronchogenic cysts
Present from birth
Cause symptoms by pressing on the trachea or oesophagus
Belong to the group of cysts collectively known as foregut duplication cysts
What are the 3 main reasons for lung transplantation?
Cystic fibrosis
Pulmonary fibrosis
Emphysema
Describe factors that you need to tick before lung transplantation
Age < 65 years Not overweight Not diabetic No renal failure No mental illness Good social support
What are the statistical survival rates behind lung transplantation
Single lung transplantation mortality 5-10%.
Double lung transplantation mortality 10-20%.
