Cardiorespiratory anatomy Flashcards
Where do the thyroid cartilage lie? What is composed of? Where do these halves meet i.e. the Adam’s apple.
In front of the of the larynx and above the thyroid gland.
Two halves- meet at laryngeal prominence.
Below this is what which is in line with what cervical vertebra? This cartilage surrounds what?
The cricoid cartilage- the 6th cervical vertebra.
The trachea.
Between the thyroid and cricoid cartilage there is a depression called what? Important when?
The cricothyroid ligament- covered by a ligament.
Performing a cricothyrotomy.
What does palpate mean?
‘Feeling’ landmarks to find positions of deeper structures.
What is the dip between your neck and clavicle called? What is the ridge in your sternum called?
Suprasternal notch.
Angle of Louis.
In men, the location of the nipple is a good indication of the location of what intercostal space?
The 4th intercostal space.
What is the vertical line from the clavicle midpoint called?
Midclavicular line.
What is the vertical line from the armpit called?
The midaxillary line.
Fraction of the heart lies to the left of the midline? Extends to where midclavicular line crosses what intercostal space? Called what?
2/3. The 5th intercostal space.
The apex of the heart.
The lobes of the lungs are separated by what? The horizontal fissure of the right lung is at the level of what costal cartilage? This separates what two lobes?
Fissures. The 4th costal cartilage.
The upper lobe from the middle lobe.
On both sides, the oblique fissures start at what rib at the back? Where do the oblique fissure of both lungs finish at the front?
The 4th rib, deep to the 5th rib and end at the 6th costal cartilage.
From 4th rib at the back and follows the 5th rib to end at the anterior end of the 6th rib at the front.
What is bronchoconstriction? Useful when?
When the smaller airways contract because they’re made solely of smooth muscle.
During sleep as it reduces the volume of air in the lungs and reduces the effort to breathe.
How many lobes are in each lung? Arterial supply? Venous drainage?
Right= 3(upper, middle and lower)
Left= 2(upper and lower)
Bronchial artery from thoracic aorta and pulmonary arteries x2 from right ventricle.
Bronchial veins to azygous vein and pulmonary veins x4 into left atrium.
What two pleurae layers are there? Cavity between them filled with serous fluid?
Visceral= covers lungs themselves and parietal= covers inner surface of chest wall.
Pleural cavity.
2 movements of breathing names? Between ribs are what?
Pump handle (anterior ends move upwards) and bucket handle (lateral parts can move outwards.)
Intercostal spaces.
