Cardiology past test Flashcards
Aeitiology of monomorphic VT?
CHD
Cardiomyopathy
Valvular heart disease
MI
long QT
Electrolyte abnormalitis - hypokalaemia, hypocalcaemia, hypomagnesaemia
Cocaine
What is the dicrotic notch?
The graph of aortic pressure throughout the cardiac cycle displays a small dip - dicrotic notch - which concides with the aortic valve closure.
What is an intraortic baloon pump?
An intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a device that helps the heart pump blood more effectively. It’s used to treat cardiogenic shock, which occurs when the heart can’t pump enough blood
A catheter is inserted through a blood vessel in the groin and fed into the heart
A balloon at the end of the catheter inflates when the heart rests between beats and deflates when the heart pumps blood out
What does a standard triple bypass involve?
What does pominent x and y descents in the JVP make you think of?
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
what is restrictive cardiomyopathy?
Restrictive cardiomyopathy results from fibrosis or infiltration of the endo or myocardium
the result is failure of the ventrices to relac with a subsequent increase in ventricular end-diastolic pressure leading to biatrial enlargement
systolic function is normal
Causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy ?
amyloidosis
storage disorders
sarcoidosis
haemochromatosis
endomyocardial fibrosis
What is Kaussmaul’s sign
Kussmaul’s sign is a paradoxical rise in jugular venous pressure (JVP) during inspiration, instead of the expected decrease, and is often indicative of impaired right ventricular filling or function.
How to tell the difference between tamponade and constrictive pericarditis?
What kind of pulse is felt in PDA?
collapsing
