Cardiology: BradyArrhythmias Flashcards
What is ABCD mnemonic for management of a fib
Anticoagulate
beta-blockers to control rate
cardiovert/CCB
digoxin
what is etiology of sinus bradycardia?
normal response to cardiovascular conditioning
sinus node dysfunction
beta blocker or CCB excess
what are signs and symptoms of sinus bradycardia?
may be asymptomatic
lightheadedness, syncopes, chest pain, hypotension
what are the ECG findings in sinus bradycardia?
ventricular rate <6- bpm
sinus rhythm
what is treatment for sinus brady?
asymptomatic: none
atropine may be used to increase HR
pacemaker if severe
what is etiology of first degree AV block?
can occur in normal persons
associated with increased vagal tone
beta blocker or CCB use
what are signs and symptoms of 1st degree AV block
none
what is ECG finding of 1st degree AV block?
PR interval >200msec
what is treatment for 1st degree AV block?
none
what is etiology of 2nd degree AV block Mobitz I/ Wenckebach?
drug effects (digoxin, beta-blockers, CCB)
increased vagal tone
right coronary ischemia or infarction
what are symptoms of second degree AV block (Mobitz I/Wenckebach)
usually asymptomatic
what ECG findings in second degree AV block (Mobitz I/ Wenckebach)
progressive PR lengthening until a dropped beat occurs; then PR interval then resets
what is treatment for second degree AV block Mobitz I/ wenckebach?
stop drug
atropine as clinically indicated
what is etiology of second degree AV block (Mobitz II)?
fibrotic disease of conduction system
acute, subacute, or prior MI
what are symptoms of second degree Mobitz II block?
occasionally syncope
frequent progression to 3rd degree AV block
what are ECG findings in second degree AV block (Mobitz II)
unexpected dropped beats without a change in PR interval
what is treatment for second degree AV block (Mobitz II)?
pacemaker placement
what is etiology of 3rd degree AV block, complete?
no electrical communication between the atria and ventricles
what are symptoms of third degree AV block (complete)?
syncope, dizziness, acute heart failure, hypoTN, cannon A waves
what ECG findings in third degree AV block?
no relationship between P waves and QRS complexes
what is treatment for third degree AV block?
pacemaker placement
what is etiology of sick sinus syndrome/tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome
heterogeneous disorder that leads to intermittent supraventricular tachy and brady arrhythmias
what are symptoms of sick sinus/ tachy-brady-syndrome?
syncope, palpitations, dyspnea, chest pain, TIA, and stroke
what is treament for sick sinus syndrome?
most common indication for pacemaker placement
