Cardiogenic Shock and Congestive Heart Failure Flashcards
Inability of the heart to pump blood at a rate sufficient to satisfy organ demands of oxygenation
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Inability of heart to contract
Systolic Dysfunction
Reduced ventricular filling and inability for the heart to relax
Diastolic Dysfunction
Right Ventricle Systolic Pressure
25 mmHg
Pulmonary Arteries Pressure
25 mmHg systolic
Left Ventricle Pressure
120 mmHg Systolic
Acute CHF Causes
- Large MI
- PE
- Cardiac valve rupture
- Hypertensive crisis
- Dysrhythmia
- Severe infection
Chronic CHF Causes
- Slow progressive ischemia
- Dilated cardiomyopathy
- Prolonged hypertension
Heart Failure Causes
F: Faulty heart valves
A: Arrhythmias and coronary artery disease
I: Infarction
L: Lineage (congenital defects or family history)
U: Uncontrolled hypertension
R: Recreational drug use or excessive alcohol use
E: Evaders, viral or bacterial
When should you be suspicious of MI?
New onset of pulmonary edema
When should you be suspicious of Pulmonary Edema?
Sudden onset of MI
Acute Pulmonary Edema S&S
- Anxious, pale, clammy, dyspneic, tachpneic, confused
- Tripoding, resist recumbency
- Chest auscultation reveals diffuse rales and/or wheezes
- Could present with pink, frothy cough
- Tachycardia and hypertension
- Hypotension is an omnious sign
Heart failure due to pulmonary disease
Cor Pulmonale
Presentation for Left sided failure
- dyspnea
- cardiac asthma
- Orthopnea
- Paroxysmal nocturnal disease
- Fatigue
- Diaphoresis
- Tachycardia
- Pulmonary rales (crackles)
Presentation for Right sided failure
- Peripheral edema
- venous congestion (JVD, hepatic congestion)
- Right upper quadrant discomfort (hepatic enlargement)
- Increased urine output
- Fatigue
4 Stages of CHF
Stage A: Pre-heart failure
Stage B: Asymptomatic or silent heart failure
Stage C: Symptomatic and diagnosed
Stage D: Advanced symptoms and resisting treatment
Condition of diminished cardiac output that severely impairs tissue perfusion. It is a severe form of left sided heart failure
Cardiogenic Shock
Causes of Cardiogenic Shock
- Impaired ventricular emptying
- Impaired myocardial contractility
- Coronary Artery disease
- Infection of heart valves
- Inflammation of heart muscles
- Drug overdoses
- Trauma
Risk Factors of Cardiogenic Shock
- Elderly
- Smoker
- Ischemic event
- Prior medical history (MI, CHF, diabetes, CAD)
