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Cardiac Emergencies > Cardio A&P > Flashcards

Cardio A&P Flashcards

1
Q

How much blood does the heart pump per day?

A

Roughly 7000-9000 L

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2
Q

Occurs when the hearts apex rotates forward with systole, gently beating against the chest wall and producing pulsation

A

Point of Maximal Impulse

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3
Q

A protective double-walled sac around the heart composed of 2 layers

A

Pericardium

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4
Q

Layers of the Pericardium

A
  1. Visceral/Epicardium (inner)
  2. Parietal (outer fibrous layer)
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5
Q

How much pericardial fluid separates the layers of the pericardium?

A

Approx. 25-50 mL pericardial fluid

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6
Q

Chambers if the Heart

A
  • 2 atria, left and right
  • 2 ventricles, left and right
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7
Q

Blood returning to the heart superior to the diaphragm

A

Superior Vena Cava

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8
Q

Blood returning to the heart inferior to the diaphragm

A

Inferior Vena Cava

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9
Q

Brings Blood from the myocardium

A

Coronary Sinus

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10
Q

How does blood enter the left atria?

A

Through the 4 pulmonary veins

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11
Q

Lies between atria and ventricles preventing back flow into the atria when ventricles contract (2)

A

Atrioventricular Valves

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12
Q

Valve between right atrium and right ventricle

A

Tricuspid Valve

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13
Q

Valve between left atrium to left ventricle

A

Bicuspid Valve

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14
Q

White collagen cords which anchor the cusps to the papillary muscles protruding from the ventricle walls

A

Chordae Tendinaea

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15
Q

Connects the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery

A

Right Semilunar Valve (pulmonary valve)

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16
Q

Connects the left ventricle to the aorta

A

Left Semilunar Valve (Aortic valve)

17
Q

Pathway of blood through the heart and lungs

A

Blood enters heart via venae cavae —> right atrium —> tricuspid valve —> right ventricle —> pulmonary valve —> pulmonary arteries —> lungs —> pulmonary veins —> left atrium —> bicuspid valve —> left ventricle —> aortic valve —> aorta —> systemic circulation

18
Q

Supplies blood to heart muscle

A

Coronary Circulation

19
Q

Numerous connections (anastomoses) between the arterioles ensure
blood delivery to heart even if major vessels are occluded

A

Collateral Circulation

20
Q

In the sulcus (groove) between the right atrium and right ventricle

A

Right Coronary Artery (RCA)

21
Q

Supplies the surface of right ventricle

A

Marginal Arteries

22
Q

Subdivides into left anterior descending (LAD) and circumflex artery (CX)

A

Left Coronary Artery (LCA)

23
Q
  • Anterior and lateral left ventricle
  • Anterior 2/3 of interventricular septum
  • Most of right and left bundle branch
A

Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD)

24
Q
  • Left atrium
  • Inferior and lateral left ventricle (15%)
  • SA node (40%) and AV bundle (10-15%)
A

Circumflex Coronary Artery (CX)

Cardiac Emergencies (13 decks)

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