Cardio #3 Diseases, Flashcards
These are diseases of the arteries that supply the heart muscle with blood.
Coronary artery disease (CAD)
is one of the most common forms of heart disease and the leading cause of heart attacks.
Coronary artery disease (CAD)
What is the disease where the coronary arteries are obstructed
Coronary heart disease (CAD)
what is the common condition that causes the obstruction in CAD
atherosclerosis
CAD can lead to other heart problems such as
Chest pain (angina)
Heart attack (myocardial infarction)
A disease of the heart itself caused by the accumulation of atheromatous plaques
Coronary heart disease
thickening or hardening of the arteries.
Atherosclerosis
It is caused by a buildup of plaque in the inner lining of an artery. Plaque is made up of deposits of fatty substances, cholesterol, cellular waste products, calcium, and fibrin.
Atherosclerosis
Another disease of the heart itself, characterized by reduced blood supply to the organ
Ischaemic heart disease
A sub-umbrella term for a number of diseases that affect the heart itself and/or the blood vessel system, especially the veins and arteries leading to and from the heart.
Cardiovascular disease
Causes of cardiovascular disease includes
Diabetes Mellitus
hypertension
hypercholesterolemia
word for high levels of cholesterol in the blood
hypercholesterolemia
is a metabolic disease, involving inappropriately elevated blood glucose levels
Diabetes Mellitus
a failure of the right side of the heart
Pulmonary heart disease
heart disease caused by inavoidable genetic factors
Hereditary heart diseaase
Heart disease caused by high blood pressure, especially localised high blood pressure
Hypertensive heart disease
heart disease that involves inflammation of the heart muscle and/ or the tissue surrounding it
Inflammatory heart disease
heart disease that affects the valves of the heart
Valvular heart disease
Theses are diseases of the sac that encases the heart (pericardium) pericardial disorders include inflammation (pericarditis), fluid accumulation (pericardial effusion) and stiffness (constrictive pericarditis).
Pericardial disease
when can Pericarditis occur
after a heart attack and, as a result lead to pericardial effusion or chest pain
These are forms of heart disease that develop before birth (congenital).
Congenital heart disease
Diseases and conditions in congenital heart diseases
Coarctation (narrowing of a section of the aorta)
Atrial or ventricular septal defect (Holes in the heart).
These blood vessels carry blood away form the heart and out the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients.
Arteries
largest blood vessel of all
Aorta
these blood vessels carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Lacking oxygen, they have a bluish cast on the skin
Veins
These tiny vessels connect arteries and veins
Capillaries
Fluid leaks out of capillaries to bathe cells.
Lymphatics
are dedicate vessels that carry fluid back into the body’s central circulation
Lymphatics
are conditions in which the walls of the arteries become thick and stiff. This can sometimes restrict blood flow to the organs and tissues.
Arteriosclerosis and Atherosclerosis
The process of this thickening and stiffening is
arteriosclerosis
is the most common form of arteriosclerosis
Atherosclerosis
is the organ affected by atherosclerosis
the heart
What happens when the arteries of the heart (coronary arteries) narrow
chest pain or heart attack may happen
refers to hardening of the arteries caused by the accumulation of fatty deposits (plaque) and other substances
Atherosclerosis
is the excessive force of blood pumping through the blood vessels. It’s perhaps the most common form of cardiovascular disease in the western world, affecting about one in four Americans. although life threatening its one of the most preventable and treatable types of cardiovascular disease
Hypertension
