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Year 1 > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

2 shockable rhythms

A

Ventricular fibrillation

Sustained ventricular tachycardia

sustained VT the patient can be cardioverted with amiodarone if they are stable

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2
Q

Tet of fallot

A

Pulmonary stenosis,
right ventricular hypertrophy
ventricular septal defect
overriding aorta

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3
Q

Opioids like morphine have a what effect?

A

constipating effect.

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4
Q

A pulsatile expansile mass refers to what

A

AAA

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5
Q

Pericarditis 4 points

A

PR depression
ST elevation
Tachy
Fever

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6
Q

Crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur radiating to the carotids

A

Aortic stenosis

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7
Q

Afib

A

No P waves/ no baseline

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8
Q

native valves are the OG (original) valves  give ?

A

amoxicillin and gentamicin

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9
Q

prosthetic valves are Very Good new valves , give what?

A

give Vancomycin and Gentamicin (and rifampicin)

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10
Q

ACEi from where?

A

Lungs

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11
Q

Tricuspid Valve, Top cat

A

Closing biphasic
waveform
JVP

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12
Q

Pulmonary Valve ref jvp

A

Opening
biphasic waveform
JVP

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13
Q

Atropine Mech

A

M2 muscarinic antagonist

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14
Q

Atropine Mech

A

M2 muscarinic antagonist

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15
Q

Aortic Regurgitation- what happens to pulse

A

Collapsing pulse

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16
Q

Coarctation of the Aorta, what happens to the radio-femoral pulse

A

Radiofemoral delay

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17
Q

hocm pulse

A

Jerky pulse

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18
Q

SVC obstruction
Raised,

A

SVC obstruction
Raised, fixed JVP

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19
Q

Cardiac tamponade, what happens to jvp

A

JVP rising on inspiration

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20
Q

Constrictive pericarditis, what happens to jvp

A

JVP rising on inspiration

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21
Q

Tricuspid Regurgitation- which waves and what size

A

Large ‘v’ waves

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22
Q

AF- which waves are absent

A

Absent ‘a’ waves

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23
Q

Complete heart block

A

Cannon ‘a’ waves

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24
Q

Aortic Regurgitation, pulse pressure

A

Wide pulse pressure

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25
Q

Aortic Stenosis, pulse pressure

A

Narrow pulse pressure

26
Q

Mitral Stenosis- what is sign on face

A

Malar flush

27
Q

Tricuspid Regurgitation PH

A

Pulsatile hepatomegaly

28
Q

Aortic Regurgitation 4 points

A

Corrigan’s

de Musset’s Sign (Head nodding)

Capillary pulsations in nail-bed (Quincke’s sign)

Pistol-shot heard over femorals (Traube’s sign)

29
Q

ASD- what heart sound

A

Fixed split S2

30
Q

PDA

A

Continuous ‘machinery’ murmur below left clavicle

31
Q

acute pericarditis
ecg

A

‘Saddle’-shaped ST elevation

32
Q

verapamil bad side effect

A

constipation

33
Q

nifedipine- side effect

A

ankle oedema

34
Q

thiazide diuretics side effect Indapamide
Inhibit NaCl reabsorption in distal

A

drug causing - gout

35
Q

Hyperkalaemia

Hypokalaemia

Hypocalcaemia

A

Hyperkalaemia

Tall tented ‘t’ waves, wide QRS complex (sine wave)

Hypokalaemia

Flattened ‘t’ waves, prominent ‘U’ waves (muscle weakness, cramps, tetany)

Hypocalcaemia

Long QT (which electrolyte imbalance)

36
Q

spironolactone
drug causing -

A

Gynaecomastia

37
Q

What is a key indicator of Goodpasture’s Syndrome

A

anti-GBM antibodies

38
Q

Chlamydia psittaci sputum colour

A

Mucoid sputum

39
Q

Pneumococcal pneumonia- colour sputum

A

Rusty sputum

40
Q

hypercapnia or side effects of organic nitrates

A

Morning headache

41
Q

alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency

A

Early onset emphysema

42
Q

Ureteric colic

A

Colicky loin pain groin

43
Q

hepatic encephalopathy

A

Asterixis (liver flap)

44
Q

Hypoalbuminaemia

A

Leuconychia

45
Q

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

A

Buccal pigmentation

46
Q

B12 deficiency

A

Glossitis- red tounge

47
Q

haemochromatosis

A

Bronze pigmentation with DM

48
Q

deep S waves in V1 and tall R waves in V6 with a combined amplitude of 40mm is suggestive of

A

HOCM

49
Q

‘My Small Lambo broke down and I had to call the AA’ -

A

‘My Small Lambo broke down and I had to call the AA’ -

Small cell can cause Lambert Eaton, and the release of ADH and ACTH.

50
Q

J-waves are

A

associated with hypothermia

51
Q

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) Paraneoplastic syndromes:

A

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) Paraneoplastic syndromes:

S = SiADH
C = Cushing’s Syndrome
L = Lambert-Eaton Syndrome
C = Cerebellar Syndrome

52
Q

high urinary cortisol result =

A

Cushing’s syndrome.

53
Q

chronic watery diarrhoea,
flushing and abdominal pain

are classic of

A

carcinoid syndrome.

54
Q

The most common organism causing infective exacerbations of COPD is

A

Haemophilus influenzae

55
Q

Liver failure following cardiac arrest think

A

ischaemic hepatitis

56
Q

Brugada syndrome and HOCM equipment

A

implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

57
Q

HCO3- is low confirming

A

a metabolic acidosis

58
Q

Staphylococcus aureus is commonly associated with

A

infective endocarditis amongst IVDU

59
Q

bacterial endocarditis are caused by

A

gram positive cocci.

60
Q

p-ANCA can also be positive in

A

primary sclerosing cholangitis,

Year 1 (8 decks)

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