Cardinal vowels Flashcards
how many primary cardinal vowels are there?
8
How many secondary cardinal vowels are there>
8
What are the primary cardinal vowels (produce and write them)
i
e
ɛ
a
ɑ
ɔ
o
u
Which of the primary vowels are spread?
the front ones:
i
e
ɛ
a
Which of the primary vowels are rounded?
the back ones
ɑ - rounded lips
ɔ
o
u
What are the secondary cardinal vowels?
y
ø
œ
ɶ
ɒ
ʌ
ɤ
ɯ
Which of the secondary cardinal vowels are spread?
the back ones:
ɒ - spread lips
ʌ
ɤ
ɯ
Which of the secondary cardinal vowels are rounded?
the front ones:
y
ø
œ
ɶ
What is the i cardinal vowel most similar to?
The vowel in ‘heed’ in Standard British English
What is the e cardinal vowel most similar to?
The vowel in ‘hay’ in Scottish English or ‘les’ in French
(almost diphthong ‘ei’ but not)
What is the ɛ cardinal vowel most similar to?
the vowel in ‘head’ in Standard British English
What is the cardinal vowel a most similar to?
The vowel in the french word ‘patte’
Almost like vowel in ‘cat’ but drop the tongue a bit lower (more open)
what is the cardinal vowel ɒ most similar to?
english vowel in ‘bother’ - v similar to this! rounded lips
What is the cardinal vowel ɔ most similar to?
The english vowel in ‘caught’ (slightly more rounded)
What is the cardinal vowel ʌ most similar to?
the vietnamese vowel - [ʌŋ] - bit of a nothingy vowel - unlikely to get this one
remember spread lips!
What is the cardinal vowel o most similar to?
the vowel in the french word ‘lot’ [lo], or the scottish ‘goat’ vowel
What is the cardinal vowel u most similar to?
the vowel in the english word ‘school’ [skul]
What is the cardinal vowel y most similar to?
french word ‘lu’ [ly]
remember rounded lips!
What is the cardinal vowel ø most similar to?
french word ‘peu’ [pø]
remember rounded lips!
What is the cardinal vowel œ most similar to?
french word ‘peur’ [pœʁ]
or
vowel in welsh english ‘nurse’
remember rounded lips!
What is the cardinal vowel ɶ most similar to?
austrian - german word ‘seil’
remember rounded lips!
What is the cardinal vowel ɤ most similar to?
Vietnamese [tɤ]
remember very spread lips!
What is the cardinal vowel ɯ most similar to?
vietnamese [tɯ]
remember VERY spread lips!
as you go around the vowel quadrilateral, explain what happens to the lips in primary cardinal vowels
starts very spread, becomes less spread, then becomes slightly rounded, finishes very rounded
