Cardiac Week and Noche

Question 1

Furosemide Trade name

Answer 1

Lasix

Question 2

Furosemide drug class

Answer 2

Diuretic

Question 3

Furosemide mechanism of action

Answer 3

Loop diuretic

• main location of action is thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
• Block Na+-K+-2Cl transporter in luminal membrane of loop of Henle preventing reabsorption of Na+ from tubular lumen -> decrease Na+ in medullary interstitial -> decreased osmolary gradient -> decreased urine concentration -> decreased H2O retention -> decreased blood volume -> decreased blood pressure

Question 4

furosemide fx

Answer 4

- diuretic activity
SA
treat 
-congestive cardiomyopathy
- pulmonary edema
-hypercalcuric nephropathy
- uremia
- adjunct therapy in hyperkalemia
- occasionally used as antihypertensive agent
Cattle
- udder edema
Racehorses
- reduce EIPH (exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage)

Question 5

furosemide side effects

Answer 5

• fluid and electrolyte abnormalities
• prerenal azoetemia
• hyponatremia
• hypocalcemia
• hypokalemia
• hypomagnesmia

Question 6

enalapril trade name

Answer 6

Vasotec

Question 7

enalapril drug class

Answer 7

ACE inhibitior

Question 8

enalapril mechanism of action

Answer 8

• converted by liver to active compound enalprilat which competes with angiotensin I for ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) (ACE has higher affinity for Enalaprilat than angiotensin I) -> prevents formation angiotensin-II which is a vasoconstrictor
• decreased angiotensin-II [ ] -> decreased aldosterone secretion and plasma renin activity increased
• decreases total peripheral resistance, pulmonary vascular resistance, mean arterial and R atrial pressures, and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
• increase renal blood flow and decrease glomerular efferent arteriole resistance

Question 9

enalapril fx

Answer 9

• adjunctive therapy of heart failure (CHF)
• decrease efferent glomerular resistance, reduce proteinuria and have renoprotective effects, can use for adjunct treatment idiopathic glomerular nephritis
• CRF (chronic renal failure)
• protein-losing nephropathy
• hypertension accompanying kindey dx

Question 10

enalapril side effects

Answer 10

• GI distress
• weakness
• hypotension
• renal dysfx
• hyperkalemia
• can cause coughs