Cardiac shock

Question 1

R HF
a) patho
b) S/S

Answer 1

a) Diastolic HF(filling issue)
blood back up into the body
b) Tachycardia
JVD
edema,hepatomegaly
dec appetite, N/V
weight gain 3-5lb

Question 2

L HF
a) patho
b) S/S

Answer 2

a) Systolic failure (pumping issue)
Blood back up on pulmonary
b) Tachycardia
Crackles, SOB
Pulmonary edema
Pulmonary congestion
activity intolerance
S3,S4
Inc PAWP

Question 3

Acute decompensated HF
Causes?

Answer 3

AMI(Acute Myocardial Infarction)
Dysrhythmias
Pulmonary embolus
Pulmonary edema
Pt chronic HF with sever dyspnea and dry,hacking cough,what to do?
Asculate the breath sound because develop ADHF d/t pulmobary edema

Question 4

Compensatory Mechanisms
doing by?

Answer 4

Inc sympathetic activity
-inc HR,contracitity,SVR
RAAS
-Inc BP and volume(bad)
Ventricular remodeling
-Ventricular hypertrophy

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

Answer 6

Question 7

Answer 7

Question 8

Medications
a) b-blocker, ACE
b) Diuretics
c) Nitroglycerin
d) Digoxin

Answer 8

a) dec afterload(monitor hypotension)
b) dec preload
c) dec preload+afterload
d) inc contractitily

Question 9

Cardiogenic shock
a) what is it?
b) Results in?

Answer 9

a) Most acute/serious form HF
b) dec tissue perfusion
a shock response

Question 10

Cardiogenic shock
S/S

Answer 10

Cardiac tamponade
Dec CO (SBP < 90)
Tachycardia (pulse is thready/weak though)
Tachypnea & fluid buildup in lungs
hypotension
Cool, pale, moist skin,
Dec U/O
Dec bowel sounds/N/V – since blood stops going to GI tract in order to save blood for the heart & brain

Question 11

Cardiac Tamponade
a) What is it?
b) s/s

Answer 11

a) Fluid buildup in the pericardial sac
b) Pulse paradoxus (dec of SBP > 10%)
Septal shift to the left
Lower SBP during inspiration
Beck’s Triad
JVD
Hypotension
Distant(muffled) heart sounds

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

Dilated cardiomyopathy
a) What is it?
b) Result in?
c) S/S
d) TX

Answer 13

a) all 4 chambers dilated
most common
b) Pumping is impaired
Blood backs up in lungs
Most common cause: CAD
c) S3 sound
syncope(fainting)
angina
narrowed pulse pressure
activity intolerance( LV failure)
d) peacemaker,transplant

Question 14

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
a) What is it?
b) Result in?
c) S/S

Answer 14

a) LV hypertrophy
inherited
b) Impaired filling
c) exertional dyspnea, syncope
angina
Tx: limit activity, beta blockers, CCB,

Question 15

Restrictive cardiomyopathy
a) What is it?
b) Result in?
c) S/S

Answer 15

a) “rock hard” heart muscle
b) Impaired filling
c) dyspnea on exertion, angina, syncope, fatigue, S3