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CardioPulm > Cardiac Physiology (Sam) > Flashcards

Cardiac Physiology (Sam) Flashcards

1
Q

When is someone deconditioned?

A

Bedrest 24-48 hours

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2
Q

How can you tell if someone is deconditioned?

A

They have exaggerated vital sign response to activity; greater than expected increase for their workload (HR<, BP, RR, RPE)

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3
Q

<p>

| How much should systolic BP increase with activity?</p>

A

<p>

| 10 mm Hg or x number of MET?</p>

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4
Q

What are signs of peripheral ischemia?

A

Claudication with ambulation

ABI < 0.5

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5
Q

What are clinical signs of Cardiovascular pump dysfunction/failure?

A

Abnormal vital sign change in response to activity (flat response or decrease in HR/BP w/ increased activity)
EF< 40%
BNP > normal values
> 2mm ST elevations or depression
Angina
Ventricular ectopy with increasing workload (> 7 PVC’c/min with hemodynamic compromise)

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6
Q

What assists the heart in driving blood throughout the system?

A

Elastic recoil of veins during activity
Skeletal muscle compression of veins during activity
NEgative thoracic pressure during inspiration

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7
Q

What will impair your preload?

A

Venous return (low blood volume/BP)
Deconditioning
Dehydration

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8
Q

What can affect your after load?

A

Sclerosis in arteries

Stenosis/sclerosis of valves

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9
Q

What can affect contractility?

A

DM affecting autonomic

ischemia

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10
Q

What is CO?

A

Heart rate * stroke volume

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11
Q

What is a normal CO?

A

4-8 L/min

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12
Q

HOw do you calculate BP?

A

BP=SV * peripheral resistance

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13
Q

When is your BP greatest?

A

During ventricular contraction (systole)

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14
Q

When is your BP lowest?

A

During diastole (relaxation phase)

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15
Q

What are three things lat influence left ventricular pump function?

A

Muscle mechanics
Perfusion of blood to heart
Electrical Activity

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16
Q

What can Echocardiograms tell you?

A 
Valve function
Ejection fraction
Wall Motion
Effusion
Wall Thickness
17
Q

What is the ejection fraction (EF)?

A

EF=Stroke volume/Left ventricular end diastolic volumme

18
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

LVEDV-LVESV or ml/beat

19
Q

What are heart sounds caused by?

A

Caused by turbulent flow

20
Q

What is thrill?

A

marked turbulence/murmor that is palpable. Will feel vibratory

21
Q

What is the S1 sound?

A

the closing of the mitral valve

22
Q

What is the S2 sound?

A

closing of the aortic valve

23
Q

What is the S3 sound?

A

occurs in heart failure

24
Q

What is the S4 sound?

A

the sound of the A-V valves opening

25
Q

what do abnormal rhythms cause?

A

Decreased cardiac output

26
Q

What does decreased cardiac output lead to?

A

decreased activity tolerance

CardioPulm (13 decks)

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