Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ECOS II Exam 2 > Cardiac OSCE > Flashcards

Cardiac OSCE Flashcards

1
Q

What is pulsus alternans?

A

alternating strong and weak pulse palpable at radial or femoral arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What causes a water hammer pulse?

A

Due to large stroke volume and backflow of blood from the aorta into LV

*indicative of aortic regurgitation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What can a paradoxical pulse be used for?

A

to assess pericarditis or tamponade when there is varied pulse strength/amplitude with respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Kussmaul’s sign?

A
  • Normal JVP shows decline in inspiration but the a wave amplitude increases
  • If there is an increase in JVP, or even no change in JVP on inspiration, this is a positive Kussmaul’s and may indicate impaired venous return to the right heart.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When might you see a hyperkinetic high amp impulse?

A
  • hyperthyroidism
  • severe anemia
  • pressure overload of LV from HTN or aortic stenosis
  • volume overload of LV from AR
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Aortic Stenosis

A
  • Harsh quality
  • RIGHT 2nd ICS/3rd ICS
  • Radiates to suprasternal notch and carotids
  • Delayed pulses (pulsus tardus et parvus)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mitral Regurgitation

A
  • Blowing quality, holosystolic
  • Prominent at apex, radiates to LEFT axilla
  • Loudness correlates with degree of valve insufficiency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pulmonary Stenosis

A
  • Harsh, loud, ejection click
  • LEFT 2nd ICS/3rd ICS
  • Radiates to the LEFT shoulder
  • Increases with inspiration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tricuspid Insufficiency

A
  • Blowing quality, increases with inspiration
  • Holosystolic
  • Lower LEFT sternal border
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Aortic Regurgitation

A
  • Blowing, decrescendo murmur
  • LEFT 2nd ICS to the 4th ICS
  • Auscultate with diaphragm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mitral Stenosis

A
  • Rumbling, low pitched
  • Best heard at apex
  • Auscultate with bell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pulmonary Insufficiency

A
  • Blowing quality
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tricuspid Stenosis

A
  • Increases in intensity with inspiration

- Decreases in intensity with expiration and valsalva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the following special tests used for?

  1. Left lateral decubitus
  2. Sitting and leaning forward
  3. Straining/valsalva
  4. JVP
A
  1. Patient on left side with left arm above head; Palpate PMI and auscultate for systolic murmurs; Increases chance of hearing mitral stenosis and extra heart sounds
  2. Increases chance of hearing aortic regurgitation
  3. Increases chance of hearing mitral regurgitation
  4. Hepatojugular reflex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does valsavla help with?

A

differentiate between aortic and mitral prolapse or HCM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is hepatojulular reflex used for?

A

adjunct to measuring JVP

17
Q

How can you differentiate between aortic stenosis and MVP?

A

sitting and squatting test

ECOS II Exam 2 (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions