cardiac investigations Flashcards
objective measures
observations- cheat wall shape/ leg swelling/ lung sound
vital signs- BP/ pulse/ O2 saturation
key lab test
cardiac enzymes- troponin raise rapidly after a heart attack
brain natriuretic peptide- elevated indicates heart attack
electrolytes and urea- imbalance affect heart and kidney function
electrocaridography
12 lead record electrical activity identifies abnormalities
its recorded in 3 planes
stress test- on activity
holter monitor- all day
echocardiography
ultrasound assess heart structure and function
coronary angiography
procedure to visualise cornary vessels
cardiac MRI
assess heart structure and function
coronary artery calcium scoring CT
quantify calcium deposits in coronary arteries
blood tests to do
FBC
thyroid function
lipid profie
liver function
clotting screen
BGL
nuclear stress test
functional test for heart muscle
assess damage of heart muscle
determine extent of coronary stenosis
2 types of echocardiograph
trans thoracic
trans oesphagus
useful diagnosis by echocardiography
valvular and congential heart disease
endocarditis
heart chamber
pericardial effusion
cardiac tumour
advantages and disadvantages of coronary artery calcium scoring
convinent/ non-invasive
radiation/ no intranvenous contrast
doesn’t show antomy or pathology
MRI advantages and disadvantage
soft tissue detial
absesne of ioning radiation
dis-
no high resolution
what to do after positive stress test
perfusion image
angiograph
