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Exam 5 Cardiology > Cardiac Emergency Management > Flashcards

Cardiac Emergency Management Flashcards

1
Q

Upslope of T wave is called?

A

Absolute refractory period; nothing inside or outside can affect this

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2
Q

Downslope of T wave is?

A

Relative refractory period; affected by inside or outside forces

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3
Q

Indications for synchronized cardioversion?

A

UNSTABLE, TACHYCARDIC PATIENT

Perfusing VT, PSVT, Rapid atrial fibrillation, 2:1 flutter

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4
Q

What two rhythms are defibrillated?

A

VFIB and pulseless VTACH

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5
Q

What are the joules settings for cardioversion?

A

100, 200, 300, then 360

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6
Q

Transcutaneous Cardiac Pacing is indicated with?

A

Symptomatic bradycardias with or without high-degree AV blocks, Atrial fibrillation ,

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7
Q

Both limb leads an pads have to hooked up in order to?

A

Pace patient

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8
Q

What is the general starting pacing rate?

A

60

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9
Q

Full capture of pacer spikes occurs when?

A

When a QRS follows every spike

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10
Q

What are good signs pacing is working mechanically?

A

SPO2 is responding, CO2 is decreasing

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11
Q

What can not be done before a 12 lead?

A

Morphine or Nitro

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12
Q

What actions does morphine have that nitro does not have?

A

Pain

Reduces anxiety

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13
Q

Treatment for heart failure patients include?

A

CPAP and Nitro (0.4 SL x3 if systolic stays above 90)

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14
Q

Treatment for cardiac tamponade should be?

A

CALL MEDICAL DIRECTION

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15
Q

PACING requires which leads?

A

Limb leads and pads

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16
Q

Refraction to atropine and pacing requires?

A

Dopamine

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17
Q

What is the treatment for a stable bradicardia rhythm?

A

Atropine (0.5mg IVP)
TCP
Dopamine (5-20mcg/kg/min)

18
Q

Treatment for SVT includes?

A 
Valsalva maneuver
IV AC OR HIGHER
Adenosine (6mg - 12mg - 12mg IVP)
Versed (2-4mg ivp)
Cardioversion
19
Q

Treatment for unstable SVT?

A

MIDAZOLAM 0.1mg/kg IV

Cardioversion!! 100J, 200J, 300J, 360J

20
Q

Prinzmetal angina is indicated if?

A

ST elevation returns to normal after NTG

21
Q

What is the long term treatment for prinzmetals angina?

A

Calcium channel blockers and nitrates to prevent spasms

22
Q

QRS complexes of >120 (wide QRS) along with p waves represent?

A

Bundle branch block

23
Q

What is happening with ventricles during a bundle branch block?

A

Ventricles are not firing simultaneously

24
Q

Left of bundle branch block is determined by?

A

First deflection backwards from T wave is down

25
Q

Right bundle branch block is determined by?

A

First deflection backwards from T wave is up

26
Q

Lidocaine should not be used with which heart block?

A

Bifasicular block

27
Q

What is the treatment for sinus tachycardia?

A

Treat underlying cause only

28
Q

Which drug can replace the first or second dose of epinephrine in CPR?

A

Vasopressin 40 units

29
Q

How does adenosine treat SVT?

A

It decreases conduction of the electrical impulses throughout the AV node and interrupts AV re-entry pathways

30
Q

Which drug is known as the chemical cardioversion?

A

Adenosine

31
Q

What are the advantages of utilizing calcium channel blockers?

A

Reduces myocardial oxygen demand due to negative inotopic effects and coronary and peripheral vasodilation

32
Q

When should calcium channel blockers not be given?

A

When patients are receiving IV beta blockers

33
Q

How does amiodarone work inside the body?

A

It blocks sodium channels, inhibits symptomatic stimulation and blocks potassium/calcium channels

34
Q

______ slows conduction through the his-purkinje system and in patients with WPW.

A

Amiodarone

35
Q

____ inhibits both alpha and beta receptors and possesses both vagolytic and calcium channel blocking properties.

A

Amiodarone

36
Q

What art of the heart does lidocaine effect?

A

Ventricles

37
Q

How does lidocaine effect the ventricles?

A

Depresses depolarization and automaticity in the ventricles

38
Q

What is the treatment of choice for torsades?

A

Magnesium sulfate

39
Q

What is Lasix?

A

A diuretic that inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption by the kidneys

40
Q

What does nitro glycerine do inside the body?

A

Reduces cardiac workload and dilates coronary arteries

41
Q

Medications best suited for treating broncoconstriction generally stimulate?

A

Beta 2 receptor sites

Exam 5 Cardiology (7 decks)

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