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Exam 5 Cardiology > Cardiac Conditions > Flashcards

Cardiac Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Unstable angina occurs when?

A

At random

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2
Q

Plaque buildup of arteries?

A

Atherosclerosis

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3
Q

What occurs during Prinzmetals angina?

A

Spasming of coronary vessels often in patients without coronary atherosclerosis

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4
Q

What is occurring during Stable angina?

A

Oxygen demand increases but supply does not keep up

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5
Q

Duration of angina pectoris?

A

Episodes last 3-5 minutes

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6
Q

What condition typically has sudden onset which may radiate or be localized to the chest?

A

Angina Pectoris

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7
Q

12 leads with non-specific ST changes indicates?

A

Angina

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8
Q

1 reason for death from MI?

A

Dysrhythmias

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9
Q

Assessment for an ACS emergency should present with signs of?

A

Shock

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10
Q

In an ACS emergency, discomfort should typically last how long?

A

Longer than 30 minutes

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11
Q

In an ACS emergency, time from onset to treatment should be less than?

A

6 hours

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12
Q

Transport with an ACS emergency should be to a place capable of?

A

PCI

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13
Q

Oxygen should always be given if O2 stat is below?

A

94%

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14
Q

Mental status changes with heart failure indicate?

A

Impending respiratory failure

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15
Q

What occurs during A cardiac tamponade?

A

Fluid buildup between visceral and parietal percardium

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16
Q

What is becks triad?

A

Narrowing pulse pressure, JVD, muffled heart tones

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17
Q

What does becks triad indicate?

A

Cardiac tamponade

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18
Q

What is the definitive treatment for cardiac tamponade?

A

Pericardiocentesis

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19
Q

How are hypertensive crises’ treated?

A

They are not directly treated; only treat signs and symptoms

20
Q

What are some signs an symptoms of hypertensive crisis’?

A

Blurred vision, Tinnitus, Vertigo, SOB, Headache

21
Q

Blood pressure is considered to be hypertensive if over?

A

160/90

22
Q

Pulse in hypertensive crisis’ present how?

A

Strong and bounding

23
Q

Signs and symptoms with cardiogenic shock?

A

Normal pulse, Systolic less than 90

24
Q

Peaked T wave is indicative of?

A

Hyperkalemia

25
Q

What rhythm is commonly seen with electrocution?

A

VFIB

26
Q

Terminating resuscitation is indicated when?

A

on-scene effort>25 minutes, four rounds of drug therapy, patient is over 18 years old, post advanced airway

27
Q

Spongey plaque of arteries

A

Atherosclerosis

28
Q

Progressive degenerative disease of the MEDIUM AND LARGE ARTERIES.

A

Atherosclerosis

29
Q

What is an aneurysm?

A

Ballooning of an arterial wall resulting from a weakness or defect in the wall

30
Q

An abdominal aortic aneurysm is often the result of?

A

Atherosclerosis

31
Q

What are signs and symptoms of an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A

Abdominal pain, back/flank pain, hypotension, urge to defecate

32
Q

Blood clot in a vein is called?

A

Deep Venous Thrombosis

33
Q

Pericarditis is differentiated from MI by?

A

Listening for pericardial friction rub and determine if pain is relieved when patient leans forward while seated

34
Q

What is the most common cause of left sided heart failure?

A

MI

35
Q

What is the most common cause of right sided heart failure?

A

Left sided heart failure

36
Q

Define hypertensive encephalopathy

A

A cerebral disorder of hypertension indicated by severe headache, nausea, vomiting, and altered mental status

37
Q

Left sided heart failure backs up into?

A

Lungs

38
Q

Right sided heart failure backs up into?

A

Body

39
Q

What is the greatest risk associated with terminating atrial fibrillation in the prehospital setting?

A

Stroke

40
Q

There are 3 large boxes between R waves on an ECG tracing. What is the heart rate?

A

100

41
Q

An accelerated junction all rhythm has a rate between ____ and ____.

A

60,100

42
Q

The pressure in the left ventricle at the end of diastole is called?

A

Preload

43
Q

Three aspects of WPW?

A

Delta wave
Bundle of Kent
Pre-Excitation syndrome

ONLY TREAT IF TACHYCARDIC

44
Q

Which coronary artery feeds inferior side of heart?

A

Right

45
Q

Which coronary artery can cause an Inferior MI?

A

Right coronary artery

46
Q

Fibrinolytics are most effective if given within ____ hour.

A

1

47
Q

Right heart failure can be caused by?

A

Pulmonary embolus
Cor pulmonale (COPD)
Pulmonary hypotension

Exam 5 Cardiology (7 decks)

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