Cardiac Emergencies Flashcards

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1
Q

Which heart chamber pumps oxygenated blood to the body?

A

Left ventricle

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2
Q

What would be the result of an obstruction in a branch of the pulmonary artery?

A

Blood is not pumped to the lungs

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3
Q

What is the way in which the heart muscle receives oxygen?

A

Blood from the aorta enters the coronary arteries

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4
Q

What are symptoms of a problem with the heart?

A

Mild chest discomfort, severe or crushing pain in the chest, nausea, with or without vomiting

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5
Q

49-yr-old male, history of heart problems. Assuming hea has a nitroglycerin with him, under what circumstances could you administer it to him?

A

The patient complains of chest pain and has a blood systolic blood pressure greater than 90.

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6
Q

Assuming your protocol allows the administration of nitroglycerin when certain conditions exist, what is the maximum number of tablets to be administered in the prehospital setting?

A

3

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7
Q

What is the name of the condition in which fatty deposits form in the inner lining of the arteries?

A

Coronary artery disease

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8
Q

A weakened area of an artery that balloons out and may rupture, causing catastrophic bleeding is called what?

A

Aneurysm

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9
Q

What is one cardiac dysrhythmia that cannot produce a pulse?

A

Ventricular fibrillation

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10
Q

What are typical symptoms of angina pectoris?

A

Responds to nitroglycerin, lasts 3-5 minutes, often subsides with rest

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11
Q

What is the beneficial action of nitroglycerin in some cardiac emergencies?

A

It dilates blood vessels throughout the body.

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12
Q

What is the result of a portion of the heart muscle dying due to a lack of oxygen?

A

Myocardial infarction

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13
Q

What is the name given to the condition in which fluid accumulates in the lungs?

A

Pulmonary edema

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14
Q

What is a potential adverse symptom of the administration of nitroglycerin?

A

Headache

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15
Q

What is a potential trigger of angina pectoris?

A

Stress or exertion

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16
Q

What term refers to swelling of the lower extremities in many cardiac patients?

A

Pedal edema

17
Q

44-yr-old female, collapsed while jogging, unresponsive for 4-5 min, husband performing high-quality CPR. What should be your first action?

A

Apply the AED

18
Q

What is one situation indicated for defibrillation?

A

Pulseless ventricular tachycardia

19
Q

60-yr-old male, severe chest pain, difficulty breathing, pale, sweaty. What is part of initial treatment?

A

Giving 15 liters/min of oxygen by nonrebreather mask, determining whether you should assist the patient in taking nitroglycerin, placing the patient in a position of comfort.

20
Q

In what way does cardiac arrest in children differ from cardiac arrest in adults?

A

Cardiac arrest in children in more likely to be due to respiratory failure.