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Pharmacology Exam 3 > Cardiac Drugs > Flashcards

Cardiac Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

inotropes

A

change contractility of the heart. sites: ventricles and atria. positive inotrope drugs: Digoxin, Dopamine, Dobutamine, Amrinone, Milronone, Pimobendan

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2
Q

chronotrope

A

changes heart rate. site SA node.

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3
Q

dromotropic

A

changes conduction velocity. site: AV node and atria/ventricles

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4
Q

Digoxin: class

A

cardiac glycoside

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5
Q

Digoxin: MOA

A

inhibit Na+/K+ ATPase: weak, positive inotrope (increases CO). acts on vagal nuclei to decrease HR: negative chronotrope

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6
Q

Dopamine: class

A

catecholamine

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7
Q

Dopamine: MOA

A

alpha (non-selective) and beta1 agonist. dopaminergic receptors. positive inotrope (increases CO)

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8
Q

Dobutamine: class

A

synthetic catecholamine

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9
Q

Dobutamine: MOA

A

Beta agonist (B1>B2). and mild alpha 1. positive inotrope (increases CO)

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10
Q

Amrinone and milronone: class

A

PDE3 inhibitor

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11
Q

Amrinone and milronone: MOA

A

inhibits PDE3. positive inotrope (increases CO). not used frequently.

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12
Q

Pimobendan: class

A

Ca2+ sensitizer

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13
Q

Pimobendan: MOA

A

INCREASE AFFINITY OF TROPONIN C FOR Ca2+, THIS SENSITIZES THE CONTRACTILE APPARATUS TO ENHANCE CONTRACTILITY. positive inotrope (increases CO)

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14
Q

Anti-arrhythmics classes: “NoBody Kills Cats” stands for?

A

Class 1: block Na+ channels
Class 2: Beta blockers
Class 3: K+ channel blockers
Class 4: Ca2+ channel blockers

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15
Q

drugs in class 1A

A

quinidine, procainamide

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16
Q

what does class 1A do to action potential?

A

prolongs action potential, makes cell less excitable

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17
Q

drugs in class 1B

A

lidocaine, mexiletine

18
Q

what does class 1B do to action potential?

A

shortens action potential

19
Q

drugs in class 1C

A

flecainide, propafenone

20
Q

what does class 1C do to action potential?

A

no obvious change

21
Q

drugs in class 2

A

atenolol, propranolol, esmolol, solatol

22
Q

what do class 2 drugs do

A

decrease HR and contractility

23
Q

drugs in class 3

A

solatol, amiodorone

24
Q

what do class 3 drugs do

A

delay depolarization, leads to increase in AP, makes cell less excitable

25
Q

drugs in class 4

A

verapamil, diltiazem, amlodipine

26
Q

what do class 4 drugs do

A

decrease HR and contractility

27
Q

atenolol: selectivity? half-life/dosing? BBB?

A

B1 selective, half life 5-6 hrs, dosed every 12. does NOT cross BBB.

28
Q

propranolol: selectivity? half-life/dosing? BBB?

A

Beta NON selective. half-life <2 hrs, dosed every 8. Crosses BBB.

29
Q

esmolol: selectivity? half-life/dosing? BBB?

A

Beta 1 selective. very short half life, dosed IV/CRI. does NOT cross BBB.

30
Q

solatol: selectivity? half-life/dosing? BBB?

A

beta NON selective. half life 5-6 hrs. does NOT cross BBB

31
Q

vasodilator drugs

A

nitroglycerin, nitroprusside sodium, verapamil, diltiazem, amlodipine, sildenafil, enalapril, benazpril

32
Q

what do venodilators do?

A

relax vein smooth muscle and decrease preload

33
Q

what do arteriodilators do?

A

relax vein smooth muscle or arterioles and decrease afterload

34
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

venodilator, works via increasing NO

35
Q

Nitroprusside sodium

A

venodilator AND arteriodilator. works via increasing NO

36
Q

verapamil

A

arteriodilator. works via blocking Ca2+ channels (class 4)

37
Q

diltiazem

A

WEAK ARTERIODILATOR! works via blocking Ca2+channels. (class 4)

38
Q

amlodipine

A

areriodilator. works via blocking Ca2+ channels (class 4)

39
Q

sildenafil

A

venodilator AND arteriodilator. works via PDE5 inhibition

40
Q

enalipril

A

venodilator AND arteriodilator. works via ACE INHIBITION. (prevents angiotensin 2 formation)

41
Q

benazpril

A

venodilator AND arteriodilator. works via ACE inhibition (prevents angiotensin 2 formation)

Pharmacology Exam 3 (9 decks)

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