Antihistamines and Autocoids Flashcards
basic function of histamines
released in response to inflammation, important in allergic reaction and anaphylaxis. increases HR and contraction, contracts airway smooth muscle, increases gastric acid secretion, vasodilator, stimulates nociceptors, stimulates arousal, skin reddening, wheal, flare
basic function of serotonin
derived from amino acid tryptophan. neurotransmitter in brain and periphery. increases GI motility, vasodilator or vasoconstrictor, regulates mood/memory, activates leukocytes
diphenhydramine: MOA
H1 receptor antagonist. crosses BBB.
diphenhydramine: uses
allergies, motion sickness (not as effective in cats), prophylactic for doxorubicin
diphenhydramine: adverse effects
anticholinergic effects, sedation, may cause paradoxical excitement in cats
Cyproheptadine: MOA
H1 receptor inhibitor. non-specific serotonin receptor antagonist. crosses BBB
Cyproheptadine: uses
allergic reactions, stimulate appetite (mostly in cats)
Cyproheptadine: adverse effects
anticholinergic effects, sedation
Meclizine: MOA
H1 receptor inhibitor, anticholinergic activity. Crosses BBB
Meclizine: uses
anthistamine with antiemetic and sedative effects, treat vertigo
Meclizine: adverse effects
sedation
Famotidine: MOA
H2 receptor antagonist. crosses BBB to a lesser extent than H1 receptor antagonists
Famotidine: uses
decreases GI acid production
Selegiline: MOA
monoamine oxidase B inhibitor. crosses BBB
Selegiline: uses
canine or feline cognitive disorder
Selegiline: adverse effects
vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, restlessness
Fluoxetine: MOA
SSRI. inhibits reuptake of serotonin. crosses BBB
Fluoxetine: uses
OCD, aggression, separation anxiety
Fluoxetine: adverse effects
vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, restlessness
Trazodone: MOA
5HT2a antagonist, weak SSRI. crosses BBB
Trazodone: uses
treat anxiety, can be used in adjunct with other antidepressants
Trazodone: adverse effects
sedation, adverse GI effects
