Antihistamines and Autocoids

Question 1

basic function of histamines

Answer 1

released in response to inflammation, important in allergic reaction and anaphylaxis. increases HR and contraction, contracts airway smooth muscle, increases gastric acid secretion, vasodilator, stimulates nociceptors, stimulates arousal, skin reddening, wheal, flare

Question 2

basic function of serotonin

Answer 2

derived from amino acid tryptophan. neurotransmitter in brain and periphery. increases GI motility, vasodilator or vasoconstrictor, regulates mood/memory, activates leukocytes

Question 3

diphenhydramine: MOA

Answer 3

H1 receptor antagonist. crosses BBB.

Question 4

diphenhydramine: uses

Answer 4

allergies, motion sickness (not as effective in cats), prophylactic for doxorubicin

Question 5

diphenhydramine: adverse effects

Answer 5

anticholinergic effects, sedation, may cause paradoxical excitement in cats

Question 6

Cyproheptadine: MOA

Answer 6

H1 receptor inhibitor. non-specific serotonin receptor antagonist. crosses BBB

Question 7

Cyproheptadine: uses

Answer 7

allergic reactions, stimulate appetite (mostly in cats)

Question 8

Cyproheptadine: adverse effects

Answer 8

anticholinergic effects, sedation

Question 9

Meclizine: MOA

Answer 9

H1 receptor inhibitor, anticholinergic activity. Crosses BBB

Question 10

Meclizine: uses

Answer 10

anthistamine with antiemetic and sedative effects, treat vertigo

Question 11

Meclizine: adverse effects

Answer 11

sedation

Question 12

Famotidine: MOA

Answer 12

H2 receptor antagonist. crosses BBB to a lesser extent than H1 receptor antagonists

Question 13

Famotidine: uses

Answer 13

decreases GI acid production

Question 14

Selegiline: MOA

Answer 14

monoamine oxidase B inhibitor. crosses BBB

Question 15

Selegiline: uses

Answer 15

canine or feline cognitive disorder

Question 16

Selegiline: adverse effects

Answer 16

vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, restlessness

Question 17

Fluoxetine: MOA

Answer 17

SSRI. inhibits reuptake of serotonin. crosses BBB

Question 18

Fluoxetine: uses

Answer 18

OCD, aggression, separation anxiety

Question 19

Fluoxetine: adverse effects

Answer 19

vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, restlessness

Question 20

Trazodone: MOA

Answer 20

5HT2a antagonist, weak SSRI. crosses BBB

Question 21

Trazodone: uses

Answer 21

treat anxiety, can be used in adjunct with other antidepressants

Question 22

Trazodone: adverse effects

Answer 22

sedation, adverse GI effects