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QUIZ 3 > Cardiac Development > Flashcards

Cardiac Development Flashcards

1
Q

cardiac progenitor cells

A

migrate in and form the primary and secondary heart fields

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2
Q

primary heart field

A

will give rise to atria and ventricles

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3
Q

secondary heart field

A

will form part of right ventricle, bulbis cordis, and truncus arteriosus

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4
Q

endocardial tube

A

will form from fusion of two dorsal aortas, held in place at midline by dorsal mesocardium

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5
Q

outflow tract

A

truncus arteriosus

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6
Q

inflow tract

A

sinus venosus

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7
Q

truncus arteriosus gives rise to _

A

aorta and pulmonary trunk

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8
Q

bulbis cordis gives rise to _

A

smooth part of RV and LV

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9
Q

conus arteriosus

A

smooth part of right ventricle

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10
Q

aortic vestibule

A

smooth part of left ventricle

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11
Q

primitive ventricle

A

thick part (trabeculated) of left and right ventricle

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12
Q

primitive atrium

A

gives rise to thick part of left and right atrium

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13
Q

sinus venosus gives rise to _

A

sinus venarium, coronary sinus, and oblique vein of left atrium

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14
Q

sinus venarium

A

smooth part of right atrium

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15
Q

crista terminalis

A

junction of thick and smooth right atrium

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16
Q

pulmonary vein

A

smooth part of left atrium

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17
Q

shifting of sinus venosus

A

as heart twists, inflow tract gets rearranged –> shifts sinus venosus from midline to right –> R and L umbilical vein and L vitelline vein disappear –> right vitelline vein remains to form SVC and IVC

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18
Q

left horn (part of sinus venosus that disappeared) will form _

A

coronary sinus and oblique vein of left atrium

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19
Q

cells that participate in formation of endocardial cushion are derived from _

A

cardiac neural crest cells

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20
Q

atrial septum forms from the _

A

septum primum

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21
Q

development of atrial septum

A

septum primum stretches downward towards endocardial cushions –> fills in the foramen primum –> cells in upper part of septum primum will apoptose to form new opening, foramen secundum –> right sinus horn will now form its part of the atrium, the septum secundum –> opening in this secundum is the foramen ovale

22
Q

septum primum

A

has a valve to close the foramen ovale at birth

23
Q

foramen ovale

A

shunts blood from right atrium to left atrium in utero

24
Q

dorsal mesocardium protrusion

A

forms pulmonary veins in the left atrium (1 opening to 4) and also participates in endocardial cushion formation

25
Q

septation in AV canal

A

due to outgrowth of four cushions

26
Q

swellings in truncus arteriosus allow it to form _

A

aortic and pulmonary tracts

27
Q

ventricular septation forms as a result of _

A

ventricles growing, will form a muscular ridge

28
Q

conus septum

A

forms the septum between two ventricles

29
Q

completion of conus septum

A

will not be complete until membranous portion connects muscular to endocardial cushion

30
Q

AV valve formation

A

endocardial cushion cells aggregate –> blood flow erodes –> this tissue will evolve into fibrous CT of valve leaves

31
Q

SL valve formation

A

neural crest cells accumulate in truncus arteriosus –> eventually erode and form SL valves

32
Q

patent ductus arteriosus

A

failure of ductus arteriosus to close, which leaves connection between aorta and pulmonary artery

33
Q

results of patent ductus arteriosus

A

aorta will pump too much blood into the lungs, causing heart to be overworked

34
Q

ligamentum arteriosum

A

attaches aorta to pulmonary artery; remnant of the ductus arteriosus in utero

35
Q

ostium secundum defect

A

an ASD that leaves hole in center of septum dividing two atria

36
Q

symptoms of ostium secundum defect

A

shortness of breath, respiratory infections, irregular heart beat, fatigue (heart is being overworked)

37
Q

tetralogy of Fallot

A

VSD which results in unequal division of conus septum –> oxygen poor blood in RV mixes with oxygen rich blood in LV

38
Q

result of tetrology of fallot

A

overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy, right ventricular outflow tract obstruction

39
Q

aortic arch 3

A

becomes the common carotid

40
Q

left aortic arch 4

A

will be left aortic arch

41
Q

right aortic arch 4

A

will be right subclavian artery

42
Q

left aortic arch 6

A

will be left pulmonary artery and ductus arteriosus

43
Q

right aortic arch 6

A

will be right pulmonary artery

44
Q

vitelline arteries will form _

A

celiac and mesenteric arteries

45
Q

umbilical arteries will form _

A

iliac arteries and inferior mesenteric arteries

46
Q

vitelline veins become

A

hepatic vein s

47
Q

coarctation of aorta

A

blood reaches lower part of body via collateral circulation (left subclavian, intercostal, and internal thoracic arteries)

48
Q

symptoms of coarctation of aorta

A

increased BP in upper extremities, no pulse in femoral artery, high risk of cerebral hemorrhage

49
Q

abnormal origin of right subclavian artery

A

right aortic arch 4 regresses –> right subclavian artery must now cross midline to supply right arm

50
Q

closures at birth

A

ductus arteriosus, foramen ovale, umbilical arteries, umbilical veins, ductus venosus

QUIZ 3 (12 decks)

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