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CardioPulmRenal > Cardiac Cycles & Sounds > Flashcards

Cardiac Cycles & Sounds Flashcards

1
Q

What happens between P and Q on an ECG?

A

atrial ctx

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2
Q

What happens at R on an ECG?

A

ventricle is depolarized
ventricle begins ctx
AV valve closes

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3
Q

What is the dicrotic notch on the aortic pressure line indicative of?

A

when the aortic valve closes upon ventricle relaxation

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4
Q

Which part of the heart reaches the highest pressure upon ctx?

A

ventricle

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5
Q

Which part of the heart reaches the lowest pressure upon relaxation?

A

ventricle

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6
Q

What happens as a result of the ventricular pressure being the lowest?

A

blood flows into the heart

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7
Q

What is happening during isovolumetric ctx?

A

ventricular ctx
AV valves have closed
aortic/pulmonic valves are not open yet

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8
Q

What is happening during isovolumetric relaxation?

A

ventricular relaxation
aortic/pulmonic valves have closed
AV valves are not open yet

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9
Q

True or False: blood is continually returning to the R atrium?

A

True

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10
Q

What is happening during the A wave of jugular vein pressure?

A

atrial ctx

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11
Q

What is happening during the C wave of jugular vein pressure?

A

the AV valve has closed, causing a temporary steep increase in jugular V. pressure

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12
Q

What is happening during the V wave of jugular vein pressure?

A

blood continually returning to the atria starts backing up in the jugular V. increasing pressure gradually

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13
Q

Why does aortic pressure continue to drop after the aortic valve closes until the aortic valve opens up again?

A

peripheral run-off

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14
Q

What happens at the point of the cardiac cycle where the ventricular pressure exceeds the aortic pressure?

A

aortic valve opens

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15
Q

What causes the 1st heart sound?

A

the AV valve closes and blood bounces against it, causing an audible vibration of the cardiac tissue

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16
Q

What causes the 2nd heart sound?

A

the aortic and pulmonic valves close and blood bounces against them

-backflow is created d/t gravity after the ventricular pressure was cut off when the valve closed

17
Q

What causes the 3rd heart sound?

A

blood rapidly filling the ventricles after the AV valves re-open

  • normal in kids (thinner chest walls)
  • may not be heard in adults
18
Q

What causes the 4th heart sound?

A

the ventricle being “topped off” during atrial ctx

  • normal in kids
  • not generally heard in adults
19
Q

What causes a heart murmur?

A
  • blood moving in the wrong direction

- blood having a hard time moving in the direction it should be

20
Q

What causes a systolic murmur?

A
  • blood moving back into the atria

- blood not going into the aorta or pulmonary trunk

21
Q

What causes a diastolic murmur?

A
  • blood moving back into the ventricles from aorta

- blood not moving into ventricles from atria

CardioPulmRenal (18 decks)

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